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Breeding. Female with newly free-swimming fry. The female places her eggs inside the roof of a cavity [2] or underneath a leaf. She takes care of the eggs by herself, [2] while the male guards the territory. The eggs are salmon colored. One of the more interesting traits of Apistogramma cacatuoides is that of "sneaker" males.
Apistogramma are dwarf cichlids with adults reaching between 2 and 8 cm (0.8–3.1 in) in standard length depending on exact species. [1] [2] Most species are strongly sexually dimorphic, with males generally larger than females and possessing different color patterns than the females (which at least when breeding are most frequently yellow with blackish markings); in a few species this ...
Apistogrammoides pucallpaensis is a South American dwarf cichlid that reaches up to 2.7 cm (1.1 in) in standard length. [1] This fish is found in the western Amazon basin, including the systems of the lower Ucayali, lower Japurá and upper Amazon River, in Peru, Colombia and Brazil. It typically lives among leaf litter or floating plants in ...
Apistogramma agassizii. Apistogramma agassizii, commonly known as Agassiz's dwarf cichlid, is a species of cichlid found in the Marañón and Ucayali River in Peru, some tributaries of the Amazon River, as well as downstream to the estuary in the Atlantic. [ 2] It is named after the Swiss-American zoologist and geologist Louis Agassiz (1807 ...
The Hilsenhoff Biotic Index (HBI) is a quantitative method of evaluating the abundance of arthropod fauna in stream ecosystems as a measurement of estimating water quality based on the predetermined pollution tolerances of the observed taxa. This biotic index was created by William Hilsenhoff in 1977 to measure the effects of oxygen depletion ...
The biological monitoring working party (BMWP) is a procedure for measuring water quality using families of macroinvertebrates as biological indicators. [1] The method is based on the principle that different aquatic invertebrates have different tolerances to pollutants. In the case of BMWP, this is based on the sensitivity/tolerance to organic ...
A Stiff diagram, or Stiff pattern, is a graphical representation of chemical analyses, first developed by H.A. Stiff in 1951. It is widely used by hydrogeologists and geochemists to display the major ion composition of a water sample. A polygonal shape is created from four parallel horizontal axes extending on either side of a vertical zero ...
Apistogramma barlowi prefers relatively cool and clear fast-flowing forest streams with an acidic to neutral pH. In one case, the habitat was a 1 m (3.3 ft) wide stream with a sandy bottom (no aquatic plants or large stones), a pH of 4.8 and a temperature of 29 °C (84 °F) (this is the upper limit of the usual temperature range of waters where ...