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Brachytherapy is a form of radiation therapy where a sealed radiation source is placed inside or next to the area requiring treatment. Brachy is Greek for short. Brachytherapy is commonly used as an effective treatment for cervical, prostate, breast, esophageal and skin cancer and can also be used to treat tumours in many other body sites. [1]
LDR brachytherapy is the one most commonly used to treat prostate cancer. It may be referred to as 'seed implantation' or it may be called 'pinhole surgery'. [1] In LDR brachytherapy, tiny radioactive particles the size of a grain of rice (Figure 1) are implanted directly into, or very close to, the tumour. These particles are known as 'seeds ...
Brachytherapy is commonly used as an effective treatment for cervical, [104] prostate, [105] breast, [106] and skin cancer [107] and can also be used to treat tumors in many other body sites. [108] In brachytherapy, radiation sources are precisely placed directly at the site of the cancerous tumor.
Iodine-131. Iodine-131 (131I, I-131) is an important radioisotope of iodine discovered by Glenn Seaborg and John Livingood in 1938 at the University of California, Berkeley. [3] It has a radioactive decay half-life of about eight days. It is associated with nuclear energy, medical diagnostic and treatment procedures, and natural gas production.
Iodine-125. Iodine-125 (125 I) is a radioisotope of iodine which has uses in biological assays, nuclear medicine imaging and in radiation therapy as brachytherapy to treat a number of conditions, including prostate cancer, uveal melanomas, and brain tumors. It is the second longest-lived radioisotope of iodine, after iodine-129. Its half-life ...
It is commonly used as a gamma ray source in industrial radiography to locate flaws in metal components. [6] It is also used in radiotherapy as a radiation source, in particular in brachytherapy . Iridium-192 has accounted for the majority of cases tracked by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission in which radioactive materials have gone ...
The history of radiation therapy or radiotherapy can be traced back to experiments made soon after the discovery of X-rays (1895), when it was shown that exposure to radiation produced cutaneous burns. Influenced by electrotherapy and escharotics —the medical application of caustic substances—doctors began using radiation to treat growths ...
Radionuclide therapy. Radionuclide therapy (RNT, also known as unsealed source radiotherapy or molecular radiotherapy) uses radioactive substances called radiopharmaceuticals to treat medical conditions, particularly cancer. These are introduced into the body by various means (injection or ingestion are the two most commonplace) and localise to ...