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Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) or opioid-induced abnormal pain sensitivity, also called paradoxical hyperalgesia, is an uncommon condition of generalized pain caused by the long-term use of high dosages of opioids [1] such as morphine, [2] oxycodone, [3] and methadone. [4][5] OIH is not necessarily confined to the original affected site. [6]
Hyperalgesia. Hyperalgesia (/ ˌhaɪpərælˈdʒiːziə / or /- siə /; hyper from Greek ὑπέρ (huper) 'over' + -algesia from Greek ἄλγος (algos) 'pain') is an abnormally increased sensitivity to pain, which may be caused by damage to nociceptors or peripheral nerves and can cause hypersensitivity to stimulus.
Amplified musculoskeletal pain is a syndrome which is a set of characteristic symptoms and signs. Essentially, the syndrome is characterized by diffuse, ongoing, daily pain associated with relatively high levels of incapability and greater care-seeking behavior. The discomfort can be in the skin (allodynia), abdomen, throat (dysphagia ...
Long-term opioid use can cause opioid-induced hyperalgesia, which is a condition in which the patient has increased sensitivity to pain. [95] All of the opioids can cause side effects. [64] Common adverse reactions in patients taking opioids for pain relief include nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, itching, dry mouth, dizziness, and constipation ...
Pain medications can cause paradoxical side effects, such as opioid-induced hyperalgesia (severe generalized pain caused by long-term opioid use). [107] [108] Sugar when taken by mouth reduces pain in newborn babies undergoing some medical procedures (a lancing of the heel, venipuncture, and intramuscular injections).
Fentanyl is a highly potent synthetic piperidine opioid primarily used as an analgesic. It is 20 to 40 times more potent than heroin and 100 times more potent than morphine; [9] its primary clinical utility is in pain management for cancer patients and those recovering from painful surgeries. [10][11] Fentanyl is also used as a sedative. [12]
4.1%-12.4% (12-month prevalence, US adults) [ 1 ] Neuropathic pain is pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. [ 2 ][ 3 ] Neuropathic pain may be associated with abnormal sensations called dysesthesia or pain from normally non-painful stimuli (allodynia). It may have continuous and/or episodic (paroxysmal) components.
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a substance use disorder characterized by cravings for opioids, continued use despite physical and/or psychological deterioration, increased tolerance with use, and withdrawal symptoms after discontinuing opioids. [ 12 ] Opioid withdrawal symptoms include nausea, muscle aches, diarrhea, trouble sleeping, agitation ...