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Macrophage polarization is a process by which macrophages adopt different functional programs in response to the signals from their microenvironment. This ability is connected to their multiple roles in the organism: they are powerful effector cells of the innate immune system, but also important in removal of cellular debris, embryonic development and tissue repair.
Linear polarization was standard into the 1980s and beyond. In the 2000s, computer animation, digital projection, and the use of sophisticated IMAX 70 mm film projectors, have created an opportunity for a new wave of polarized 3D films. [15] In the 2000s, RealD Cinema and MasterImage 3D were introduced, both using circular polarization.
Circular polarizer/linear analyzer [1] filtering unpolarized light and then circularly polarizing the result. A polarizing filter or polarising filter (see spelling differences) is a filter that is often placed in front of a camera lens in photography in order to darken skies, manage reflections, or suppress glare from the surface of lakes or the sea.
Polarizers which maintain the same axes of polarization with varying angles of incidence [clarification needed] are often called [citation needed] Cartesian polarizers, since the polarization vectors can be described with simple Cartesian coordinates (for example, horizontal vs. vertical) independent from the orientation of the polarizer surface.
This induces the rotation of the polarization of the incident light, and the device appears gray. If the applied voltage is large enough, the liquid crystal molecules in the center of the layer are almost completely untwisted and the polarization of the incident light is not rotated as it passes through the liquid crystal layer.
Macrophages are found in essentially all tissues, [4] where they patrol for potential pathogens by amoeboid movement. They take various forms (with various names) throughout the body (e.g., histiocytes, Kupffer cells, alveolar macrophages, microglia, and others), but all are part of the mononuclear phagocyte system.
Photographic processing or photographic development is the chemical means by which photographic film or paper is treated after photographic exposure to produce a negative or positive image.
Photon polarization; Plane of polarization; Pockels effect; Polarimeter; Polarimetry; Polarization-division multiple access; Polarizability; Polarization (cosmology) Polarization in astronomy; Polarization mixing; Polarization mode dispersion; Polarization rotator; Polarization scrambling; Polarized light pollution; Polarizer; Polarizing filter ...