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  2. Distributed denial-of-service attacks on root nameservers

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_denial-of...

    At least two of the root servers (G-ROOT and L-ROOT) reportedly "suffered badly" while two others (F-ROOT and M-ROOT) "experienced heavy traffic". The latter two servers largely mitigated the damage by distributing requests to other root server instances with anycast addressing. ICANN published a formal analysis shortly after the event. [3]

  3. OpenSSL - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSSL

    OpenSSL is a software library for applications that provide secure communications over computer networks against eavesdropping, and identify the party at the other end. It is widely used by Internet servers, including the majority of HTTPS websites. OpenSSL contains an open-source implementation of the SSL and TLS protocols.

  4. Root certificate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_certificate

    In cryptography and computer security, a root certificate is a public key certificate that identifies a root certificate authority (CA). [1] Root certificates are self-signed (and it is possible for a certificate to have multiple trust paths, say if the certificate was issued by a root that was cross-signed) and form the basis of an X.509 ...

  5. LibreSSL - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LibreSSL

    LibreSSL is an open-source implementation of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol. The implementation is named after Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), the deprecated predecessor of TLS, for which support was removed in release 2.3.0.

  6. Heartbleed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heartbleed

    Several Hewlett-Packard server applications, such as HP System Management Homepage (SMH) for Linux and Windows. [123] Some versions of FileMaker 13 [124] LibreOffice 4.2.0 to 4.2.2 (fixed in 4.2.3) [125] [126] LogMeIn claimed to have "updated many products and parts of our services that rely on OpenSSL". [127]

  7. Linux Mint - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Mint

    Linux Mint 2.0 'Barbara' was the first version to use Ubuntu as its codebase and its GNOME interface. It had few users until the release of Linux Mint 3.0, 'Cassandra'. [14] [15] Linux Mint 2.0 was based on Ubuntu 6.10, [citation needed] using Ubuntu's package repositories and using it as a codebase. It then followed its own codebase, building ...

  8. Comparison of TLS implementations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_TLS...

    Several versions of the TLS protocol exist. SSL 2.0 is a deprecated [27] protocol version with significant weaknesses. SSL 3.0 (1996) and TLS 1.0 (1999) are successors with two weaknesses in CBC-padding that were explained in 2001 by Serge Vaudenay. [28]

  9. DNS over TLS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_over_TLS

    DNS over TLS (DoT) is a network security protocol for encrypting and wrapping Domain Name System (DNS) queries and answers via the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol. The goal of the method is to increase user privacy and security by preventing eavesdropping and manipulation of DNS data via man-in-the-middle attacks.