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Bass range: The bass is the lowest male voice. The bass voice has the lowest tessitura of all the voices. The typical bass range lies between E2 (the second E below middle C) to E4 (the E above middle C). In the lower and upper extremes of the bass voice, some basses can sing from C2 (two octaves below middle C) to G4 (the G above middle C). [3]
These basic types are soprano, mezzo-soprano, and contralto for women, and tenor, baritone, and bass for men. [6] Within choral music the system is collapsed into only four categories for adult singers: soprano and alto for women, and tenor and bass for men. [7]
More important than range in voice classification is tessitura, or where the voice is most comfortable singing, and vocal timbre, or the characteristic sound of the singing voice. [1] For example, a female singer may have a vocal range that encompasses the low notes of a mezzo-soprano and the high notes of a soprano.
In SATB four-part mixed chorus, the bass is the lowest vocal range, below the tenor, alto, and soprano. Voices are subdivided into first bass and second bass with no distinction being made between bass and baritone voices, in contrast to the three-fold (tenor–baritone–bass) categorization of solo voices.
However, the baritone voice is determined not only by its vocal range, but also by its timbre, which tends to be darker than that of the typical tenor voice. [1] The term baritone was developed in relation to classical and operatic voices, where the classification is based not merely on the singer's vocal range but also on the tessitura and ...
Alto, like the other three standard modern choral voice classifications (soprano, tenor and bass) was originally intended to describe a part within a homophonic or polyphonic texture, rather than an individual voice type; [3] neither are the terms alto and contralto interchangeable or synonymous, though they are often treated as such. [citation ...
A male can retain his child voice if it never changes during puberty. The retained voice can be the treble voice shared by both sexes in childhood and is the same as a boy soprano voice. But as evidence shows, many castrati, such as Senesino and Caffarelli, were actually altos (mezzo-soprano) – not sopranos.
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