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Scientific explanations consider the phenomenon a coping mechanism or an example of bicameral mentality. [3] The concept was popularized by a 2009 book by John G. Geiger, The Third Man Factor, which documents scores of examples. Modern psychologists have used the "third man factor" to treat victims of trauma.
Coolidge effect. Crespi effect. Cross-race effect. Curse of knowledge. Diderot effect. Dunning–Kruger effect. Einstellung effect. Endowment effect. Face superiority effect.
Further information: Identification with the Aggressor. Related to the inferiority complex is a " superiority complex ", a psychological defense mechanism in which a person's outward display of superiority displaces or conceals their feelings of inferiority. Differentiated by Adler from a normal desire for social recognition, the superiority ...
For the television series, see Savior Complex (TV series). In psychology, a savior complex is an attitude and demeanor in which a person believes they are responsible for assisting other people. [ 1 ] A person with a savior complex will often experience empathic episodes and commit to impulsive decisions such as volunteering, donating, or ...
Both the DSM-5 and the ICD-11 diagnostic systems provide a definition and six criteria for a general personality disorder. These criteria should be met by all personality disorder cases before a more specific diagnosis can be made. The DSM-5 indicates that any personality disorder diagnosis must meet the following criteria: [19]
Dissociative identity disorder [1] [2]; Other names: Multiple personality disorder Split personality disorder: Specialty: Psychiatry, clinical psychology: Symptoms: At least two distinct and relatively enduring personality states, [3] recurrent episodes of dissociative amnesia, [3] inexplicable intrusions into consciousness (e.g., voices, intrusive thoughts, impulses, trauma-related beliefs ...
In medicine and medical anthropology, a culture-bound syndrome, culture-specific syndrome, or folk illness is a combination of psychiatric and somatic symptoms that are considered to be a recognizable disease only within a specific society or culture. There are no known objective biochemical or structural alterations of body organs or functions ...
Sadistic personality disorder was a proposed personality disorder defined by a pervasive pattern of sadistic and cruel behavior. People with this disorder were thought to have desired to control others. It was believed they accomplish this through the use of physical or emotional violence. This diagnosis appeared in an appendix of the ...