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The foramen magnum (Latin: great hole) is a large, oval-shaped opening in the occipital bone of the skull. It is one of the several oval or circular openings (foramina) in the base of the skull . The spinal cord , an extension of the medulla oblongata , passes through the foramen magnum as it exits the cranial cavity .
foramen: hole, opening, or aperture, particularly in bone Latin forāmen: foramen magnum-form: used to form adjectives indicating "having the form of" Latin fōrma, form, shape cruciform, cuneiform, falciform fore-before or ahead Old English fōr(e)-, before, in front of foregut, foreshadow fossa: a hollow or depressed area; a trench or channel
The intervertebral foramen (also neural foramen) (often abbreviated as IV foramen or IVF) is an opening between (the intervertebral notches of [1]) two pedicles (one above and one below) of adjacent vertebra in the articulated spine. [2]: 424, 425 Each intervertebral foramen gives passage to a spinal nerve and spinal blood vessels, and lodges a ...
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. Some flow is a normal condition both pre-birth and immediately post-birth via the foramen ovale; however, when this does not naturally close after birth it is referred to as a patent (open) foramen ovale (PFO).
The foramen magnum (Latin: large hole) is a large oval foramen longest front to back; it is wider behind than in front where it is encroached upon by the occipital condyles. The clivus, a smooth bony section, travels upwards on the front surface of the foramen, and the median internal occipital crest travels behind it. [3]
The thecal sac or dural sac is the membranous sheath (theca) or tube of dura mater that surrounds the spinal cord and the cauda equina. The thecal sac contains the cerebrospinal fluid which provides nutrients and buoyancy to the spinal cord. [1] From the skull the tube adheres to bone at the foramen magnum and extends down to the second sacral ...
In anatomy and osteology, a foramen (/ f ə ˈ r eɪ m ən /; [1] [2] pl.: foramina, / f ə ˈ r æ m ɪ n ə / or foramens / f ə ˈ r eɪ m ən z /; from Latin 'an opening produced by boring') is an opening or enclosed gap within the dense connective tissue (bones and deep fasciae) of extant and extinct amniote animals, typically to allow passage of nerves, arteries, veins or other soft ...
Spinal stenosis is an abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal or neural foramen that results in pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots. [ 6 ] Symptoms may include pain, numbness, or weakness in the arms or legs. [ 1 ] Symptoms are typically gradual in onset and improve with leaning forward. [ 1 ]