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Aelia came from Hadrian's nomen gentile, Aelius, while Capitolina meant that the new city was dedicated to Jupiter Capitolinus, to whom a temple was built overlapping the site of the former second Jewish temple, the Temple Mount.
History of Temple Mount. Jews believe that the Temple Mount was the location of the First and Second Temples, the first built by King Solomon in the tenth century BC to house the Ark of the Covenant and the second completed in the sixth century BC.
The Temple Mount is most famous as the site of the two Holy Temples in Jerusalem. The First Temple, built by David’s son Solomon in the year 2928 from Creation (833 BCE), stood for 410 years and was destroyed by the Babylonians in 3338 (423 BCE). After a 70-year interlude, the Second Temple was built, standing for 420 years until the Romans ...
The Temple was first constructed during the reign of Solomon, king of Israel, and completed in 957 bce. It was built as an abode for the Ark of the Covenant, an ornate gold-plated wooden chest that housed the tablets given to Moses by God, according to the Bible, and it served as a place of assembly
King Solomon built the First Temple on the top of Mount Moriah which is visible in the center of this drawing. This mountain top can be seen today, inside the Islamic Dome of the Rock. King Hezekiah built a square Temple Mount (yellow walls) around the site of the Temple, which he also renewed.
These findings, hidden deep in the British Mandatory archives department because they embarrassed Muslim officials, now provide evidence that the ancient Temple stood on the modern Temple Mount and was a place of Jewish presence.
First, the Temple Mount is under Muslim authority and home to a sacred Islamic shrine, the Dome of the Rock. A Temple could not be built on that spot without destroying it. Second, not all Jews believe God has granted them authority to rebuild the Temple. Many hold that only God will build it.
The Temple Mount, known in Hebrew as Har Habayit, is traditionally said to be the site where Abraham demonstrated his devotion to God by taking his son Isaac to be sacrificed. The mount is also the site of both ancient Jewish temples. The first, built by King Solomon, was destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE.
The Temple Mount is the trapezoid-shaped, walled-in area in the southeastern corner of the Old City of Jerusalem. The four walls surrounding it date back – at least in their lower parts – to the time of the Second Jewish Temple, built at the end of the first century BCE.
The buildings on the Temple Mount were built of smaller stones. Stones from these structures were thrown down into the street below when the Romans destroyed Jerusalem in 70 A.D. Most of them were later scavenged for other construction.