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The history of education in England is documented from Saxon settlement of England, and the setting up of the first cathedral schools in 597 and 604.. Education in England remained closely linked to religious institutions until the nineteenth century, although charity schools and "free grammar schools", which were open to children of any religious beliefs, became more common in the early ...
The school-leaving age was increased to 15 in 1947 and 16 in 1972. Further and higher education also expanded overtime. Formal Welsh-medium education was established beginning in 1939 and the Welsh language became a universal school subject from 1990. The administration of education in Wales was effected by the process of Welsh devolution.
The history of education extends at least as far back as the first written records recovered from ancient civilizations. Historical studies have included virtually every nation. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] The earliest known formal school was developed in Egypt's Middle Kingdom under the direction of Kheti, treasurer to Mentuhotep II (2061-2010 BC).
The history of education in Wales spans from the period of Roman rule to the present day. Early forms of formal education were church or privately run and available to only a small segment of the population. In the 17th and 18th centuries significant efforts were made, mainly by charitable causes, to expand access to basic education.
The period between 1701 and 1870 saw an expansion in access to formal education, though schooling was not yet universal. During the 18th century, various philanthropic efforts were made to provide education to children from poorer backgrounds—schools established by the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (SPCK), circulating schools, Sunday schools and endowed elementary schools.
Education in the United Kingdom is a devolved matter with each of the countries of the United Kingdom having separate systems under separate governments. The UK Government is responsible for England, whilst the Scottish Government, the Welsh Government and the Northern Ireland Executive are responsible for Scotland, [6] Wales [7] and Northern Ireland, respectively.
A system of compulsory, free education for children aged five to twelve years was gradually established from 1870 to 1899. Access to secondary education was expanded following the Welsh Intermediate Education Act 1889. The range of the curriculum and variety of teaching methods expanded over time.
Access to academic learning was restricted in Wales before 1701—though interest and availability did increase over the centuries—women and peasants were largely excluded from formal education. Little evidence of formal education dates from the Roman period. Formal education was restricted largely to the clergy throughout most of the Middle ...