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The ecology of Hong Kong is mostly affected by the results of climatic changes. Hong Kong's climate is seasonal due to alternating wind direction between winter and summer. Hong Kong has been geologically stable for millions of years. Flora and fauna in Hong Kong are altered by climatic change, sea level alternation, and human impact.
The East Asian monsoon is a monsoonal flow that carries moist air from the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean to East Asia. It affects approximately one-third of the global population, influencing the climate of Japan , the Korean Peninsula , Taiwan , China , the Philippines and Mainland Southeast Asia but most significantly Vietnam .
Hong Kong has similar official five-level definition warning signals, which use descriptions of winds taken from the Beaufort Scale. The Hong Kong levels, however, do not correspond to the Beaufort Scale, which has 12 levels. The lowest level of the Hong Kong system No. 1 does not correspond to any wind strength. Instead, it is an alert based ...
During the summer, the East Asian Monsoon carries warm and moist air from the south and delivers the vast majority of the annual precipitation in much of the country. Conversely, the Siberian anticyclone dominates during winter, bringing cold and comparatively dry conditions. The advance and retreat of the monsoons account, in large degree, for ...
Tai Mo Shan has a steep northwestern slope and less steep southern slope. Since it is the tallest mountain in Hong Kong, it forms a barrier that blocks the monsoon from the south, the rain shadow leading to the dryness of some of the northern and northwestern parts of the New Territories.
The East Asian monsoon affects large parts of Indochina, Philippines, China, Korea and Japan. It is characterised by a warm, rainy summer monsoon and a cold, dry winter monsoon. The rain occurs in a concentrated belt that stretches east–west except in East China where it is tilted east-northeast over Korea and Japan.
Hong Kong's climate is subtropical and monsoonal (Köppen: Cwa), with cool dry winters and hot and wet summers.As of 2006, its annual average rainfall is 2,214 mm (87.2 in), though about 80% of the rain falls between May and September.
In tropical areas, when the monsoon arrives, high daytime high temperatures drop and overnight low temperatures increase, thus reducing diurnal temperature variation. [33] During the wet season, a combination of heavy rainfall and, in some places such as Hong Kong , an onshore wind, improve air quality .