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Minka (Japanese: 民家, lit. "folk houses") are vernacular houses constructed in any one of several traditional Japanese building styles. In the context of the four divisions of society , Minka were the dwellings of farmers, artisans, and merchants (i.e., the three non- samurai castes ). [ 1 ]
Tatami mats are rice straw floor mats often used to cover the floor in Japan's interiors; in modern Japanese houses there are usually only one or two tatami rooms. Another way to connect rooms in Japan's interiors is through sliding panels made of wood and paper, like the shōji screens, or cloth.
The typical Kyoto machiya is a long wooden home with narrow street frontage, stretching deep into the city block and often containing one or more small courtyard gardens, known as tsuboniwa. Machiya incorporate earthen walls and baked tile roofs, and are typically one, one and a half or two stories high, occasionally stretching to three stories ...
These features, along with the general appearance and organization of the Japanese castle, which had matured by this point, have come to define the stereotypical Japanese castle. Along with Hideyoshi's Fushimi–Momoyama castle , Azuchi lends its name to the brief Azuchi–Momoyama period (roughly 1568–1600) in which these types of castles ...
The Sixth Month of Jishō 4 brought on a change of the relocation of Japan's capital from Kyoto to Fukuhara. Although people objected, the emperor, ministers and high officials still moved. Those who depended on the capital left with them while others were left behind. Houses went in to ruin, and plots of land became barren fields.
Jinpūkaku was commissioned in 1906 by the 14th daimyō of the Ikeda clan, Nakahiro Ikeda (1877–1948). [1] The residence was designed by the Meiji period architect Katayama Tōkuma (1854–1917), and covers 1,046 square metres (11,260 sq ft) on a site of 7,200 square metres (78,000 sq ft), and was completed in 1907.
By 1997, the majority (approximately two-thirds) of Japanese homes had the modern irori and 81 percent had a kotatsu, though they are warmed using electricity instead of glowing coals or charcoal. Thus, the kotatsu became completely mobile with electricity and became a common feature of Japanese homes during winter. [2] [8]
Instead of an oven, a smaller fish oven was fitted into a gas stove. The gas-heated rice cooker remained in use until the 1970s in many houses and was eventually replaced by the electric rice cooker. In the 1920s, electricity became more widespread in homes in Japan.