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Aotearoa (Māori: [aɔˈtɛaɾɔa]) [1] is the Māori-language name for New Zealand.The name was originally used by Māori in reference only to the North Island, with the whole country being referred to as Aotearoa me Te Waipounamu – where Te Ika-a-Māui means North Island, and Te Waipounamu means South Island. [2]
Today, New Zealand enjoys particularly close relations with the United States and is one of its major non-NATO allies, [217] as well as with Australia, with a "Trans-Tasman" identity between citizens of the latter being common. [218] New Zealand is a member of the Five Eyes intelligence sharing agreement, known formally as the UKUSA Agreement.
Many of New Zealand's cities and towns are known by various aliases, slogans, sobriquets, and other nicknames to the general population at either the local, regional, national or international level, often due to marketing campaigns and widespread usage in the media.
The first Europeans known to have reached New Zealand were the Dutch explorer Abel Janszoon Tasman and his crew in 1642. [46] Māori killed several of the crew, and no more Europeans went to New Zealand until British explorer James Cook's voyage of 1768–71. [46] Cook reached New Zealand in 1769 and mapped almost the entire coastline.
The convergent plate boundary that runs northwards from New Zealand's North Island is called the Kermadec-Tonga subduction zone. This subduction zone is associated with the volcanism that gave rise to the Kermadec and Tongan islands. There is a transform fault that currently traverses New Zealand's South Island, known as the Alpine Fault.
New Zealand had the highest population of Polynesians, estimated at 110,000 in the 18th century. [10] Polynesians have acquired a reputation as great navigators, with their canoes reaching the most remote corners of the Pacific and allowing the settlement of islands as far apart as Hawaii, Rapanui (Easter Island), and Aotearoa (New Zealand). [11]
Oceania has a diverse mix of economies from the highly developed and globally competitive financial markets of Australia, French Polynesia, Hawaii, New Caledonia, and New Zealand, which rank high in quality of life and Human Development Index, [12] [13] to the much less developed economies of Kiribati, Papua New Guinea, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, and ...
The Java language has undergone several changes since JDK 1.0 as well as numerous additions of classes and packages to the standard library.Since J2SE 1.4, the evolution of the Java language has been governed by the Java Community Process (JCP), which uses Java Specification Requests (JSRs) to propose and specify additions and changes to the Java platform.