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The earliest period of Māori settlement is known as the "Archaic", "Moahunter" or "Colonisation" period. The eastern Polynesian ancestors of the Māori arrived in a forested land with abundant birdlife, including several now extinct moa species weighing between 20 kilograms (44 lb) and 250 kg (550 lb) each.
Starting in the 1920s, H. D. Skinner and others overturned the hypothesis about a pre-Māori people by showing the continuation and adaptation of the 'Archaic' Māori culture into the 'Classic' Māori culture. This negated the need for pre-Māori settlement in models of prehistoric New Zealand.
Wakefield's colonisation programmes were over-elaborate and operated on a much smaller scale than he hoped for, but his ideas influenced law and culture, especially his vision for the colony as the embodiment of post-Enlightenment ideals, the notion of New Zealand as a model society, and the sense of fairness in employer-employee relations. [82 ...
Before European contact Māori did not have a written language and "important information such as whakapapa was memorised and passed down verbally through the generations". [163] Māori were familiar with the concept of maps and when interacting with missionaries in 1815 could draw accurate maps of their rohe ( iwi boundaries), onto paper, that ...
In Māori culture, a great pā represented the mana (prestige or power) and strategic ability of an iwi (tribe or tribal confederacy), as personified by a rangatira (chieftain). Māori built pā in various defensible locations around the territory ( rohe ) of an iwi to protect fertile plantation-sites and food supplies.
The culture of New Zealand is a synthesis of indigenous Māori, colonial British, and other cultural influences. The country's earliest inhabitants brought with them customs and language from Polynesia , and during the centuries of isolation, developed their own Māori and Moriori cultures.
Māori culture has been in constant adaptation to New Zealand's changing environment. From the late 1950s onward the terms "Archaic" and "Classic" culture have been used to describe the early and late phases of pre-contact Māori, [ 3 ] with "Archaic" replacing the older term "moa hunter" as the hunter-gatherer society lasted beyond the ...
New Zealand Association formed in London, becoming the New Zealand Colonisation Society in 1838 and the New Zealand Company in 1839, under the inspiration of Edward Gibbon Wakefield. 1838. Bishop Pompallier founds Roman Catholic Mission at Hokianga. 1839. William Hobson instructed to establish British rule in New Zealand, as a dependency of New ...