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Baking shortenings, unless reformulated, contain around 30% trans fats compared to their total fats. High-fat dairy products such as butter contain about 4%. Margarines not reformulated to reduce trans fats may contain up to 15% trans fat by weight, [54] but some reformulated ones are less than 1% trans fat.
Margarine used to contain harmful trans fats in the form of partially hydrogenated oils, which are made through a manufacturing process that turns liquid oils into solid fats. Trans fat is even ...
In the 21st century, margarine spreads had many developments to improve their consumer appeal. Most brands phased out the use of hydrogenated oils and became trans fat free. Many brands launched refrigerator-stable margarine spreads that contain only one-third of the fat and calorie content of traditional spreads.
California restaurants are prohibited from using oil, shortening, and margarine containing artificial trans fats in spreads or for frying, with the exception of deep frying doughnuts. [79] [80] [81] As of 1 January 2011, doughnuts and other baked goods have been prohibited from containing artificial trans fats.
According to Mary Sabat MS, RDN, LD, "Many margarines and spreads contain harmful oils and inflammatory fats, with ingredients such as hydrogenated oils, palm oil, and trans fats, which can ...
“Other contributing sources are sodium from processed animal products and excess refined fats and oils — hydrogenated, fried foods, margarine, trans fats, and chips — in these foods.
Another 2010 analysis however found only 0.2% of trans fats in margarine and other processed spreads. [150] Up to 45% of the total fat in those foods containing man-made trans fats formed by partially hydrogenating plant fats may be trans fat. [140] Baking shortenings, unless reformulated, contain around 30% trans fats compared to their total ...
Trans fats occur when hydrogen is added to vegetable oil. The cholesterol-raising fat appears in many processed foods because it creates a lasting shelf life, but the FDA has decided that it poses ...