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The field which studies ontologies so conceived is sometimes referred to as applied ontology. [1] Every academic discipline or field, in creating its terminology, thereby lays the groundwork for an ontology. Each uses ontological assumptions to frame explicit theories, research and applications.
Similar applications of ontology are found in various fields seeking to manage extensive information within a structured framework. Protein Ontology is a formal framework for the standardized representation of protein-related entities and their relationships. [161] Gene Ontology and Sequence Ontology serve a similar purpose in the field of ...
Individuals (instances) are the basic, "ground level" components of an ontology. The individuals in an ontology may include concrete objects such as people, animals, tables, automobiles, molecules, and planets, as well as abstract individuals such as numbers and words (although there are differences of opinion as to whether numbers and words are classes or individuals).
Applied ontology is the application of Ontology for practical purposes. This can involve employing ontological methods or resources to specific domains, [ 1 ] such as management , relationships , biomedicine , information science or geography .
Example of a constructed MBED Top Level Ontology based on the nominal set of views. [1]In computer science, information science and systems engineering, ontology engineering is a field which studies the methods and methodologies for building ontologies, which encompasses a representation, formal naming and definition of the categories, properties and relations between the concepts, data and ...
Despite UFO's influence in research and ontology development, its theoretical density and complexity have been identified as barriers to its wider adoption and practical application. Critics have pointed out that UFO, like other ontological frameworks, may suffer from issues of complexity and abstractness that can hinder its practical application.
The Web Ontology Language (OWL) is a family of knowledge representation languages for authoring ontologies.Ontologies are a formal way to describe taxonomies and classification networks, essentially defining the structure of knowledge for various domains: the nouns representing classes of objects and the verbs representing relations between the objects.
The ontology arose against the background of research in ontologies in the domain of geospatial information science by David Mark, Pierre Grenon, Achille Varzi and others, [2] with a special role for the study of vagueness and of the ways sharp boundaries in the geospatial and other domains are created by fiat. [3] [4]