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The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars, or Crusades, initiated, supported and at times directed by the Latin Church in the Middle Ages. The objective was the recovery of the Holy Land from Islamic rule .
[3] [4] Given the historicity of Jesus' death and the Islamic theological doctrine on the inerrancy of the Quran, most mainstream Muslims and Islamic scholars deny the crucifixion and death of Jesus, [1] [3] [4] [5] [13] deny the historical reliability of the Gospels, [3] [4] [5] claim that the canonical Gospels are corruptions of the true ...
This list of works on the history of the Crusades and their mainly Muslim opponents, provides a select bibliography of modern works that are frequently cited in books, papers and articles that discuss these "holy wars".
Thomas Scott Asbridge (born 1969) is a historian at Queen Mary University of London, [1] a position he has held since 1999. [2] He is the author of The First Crusade: A New History (2004), a book which describes the background, events, and consequences of the First Crusade, as well as of The Crusades: The War for the Holy Land (2010), a volume providing a view on the crusading movement ...
The Seventh Crusade (1248–1254) was the first of the two Crusades led by Louis IX of France. Also known as the Crusade of Louis IX to the Holy Land, its objective was to reclaim the Holy Land by attacking Egypt, the main seat of Muslim power in the Middle East, then under as-Salih Ayyub, son of al-Kamil.
A History of the Normans on the First Crusade. Translated by Bernard S. Bachrach and David S. Bachrach. Ashgate, Burlington VT, 2005, ISBN 0-7546-3710-7. The chronicle of Ibn al-Athīr for the crusading period from al-Kāmil fīʾl-taʾrīkh. Pt. 1: The Years 491–541/1097–1146. The Coming of the Franks and the Muslim Response.
Later medieval authors that wrote of the Crusades worked primarily from original sources rather than first-hand experience. The first known example is Liber recuperations Terre Sancte (1291) by Franciscan friar Fidentius of Padua, and early historians generally combined their histories with calls for new crusades to the Holy Land or against the ...
Volume I. The First One Hundred Years (1969). Edited by Marshall W. Baldwin. Western Europe, Byzantium, the Assassins and the Holy Land before the Crusades. The First Crusade, the Crusade of 1101, the kingdom of Jerusalem from 1101 to 1146, with the loss of Edessa. The Second Crusade and afterward. The rise of Saladin and the loss of Jerusalem ...