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The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars, or Crusades, initiated, supported and at times directed by the Latin Church in the Middle Ages. The objective was the recovery of the Holy Land from Islamic rule .
This is a site of Christian pilgrimage built where Christian Roman authorities pinpointed the purported location of Jesus' burial and resurrection in Jerusalem in 325. [1] One of the objectives of the Crusades was to reclaim the Holy Sepulchre from Muslim rule. [2]
Mehmet Cengiz Öz [a] (/ m ə ˈ m ɛ t ˈ dʒ ɛ ŋ ɡ ɪ z ɒ z / meh-MET JENG-gihz oz; Turkish: [mehˈmet dʒeɲˈɟiz øz]; born June 11, 1960), [2] also known as Dr. Oz (/ ɒ z /), is an American television presenter, physician, author, professor emeritus of cardiothoracic surgery at Columbia University, [3] and former political candidate.
First Aired 1 Shock the first episode, explores the reasons behind the start of the Crusades, centered on Jerusalem, the holy city for Christians, Jews and Muslims. [3] 7 Dec 2016 2 Revival the second episode, tells the story of the early Muslim resistance to the Crusades, led by the Zengids, a Turkic dynasty ruling the northern Levant. [4] 14 ...
Volume I. The First One Hundred Years (1969). Edited by Marshall W. Baldwin. Western Europe, Byzantium, the Assassins and the Holy Land before the Crusades. The First Crusade, the Crusade of 1101, the kingdom of Jerusalem from 1101 to 1146, with the loss of Edessa. The Second Crusade and afterward. The rise of Saladin and the loss of Jerusalem ...
Armies of heaven : the first crusade and the quest for apocalypse. Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-01929-8. France, John (1994). Victory in the East : a military history of the First Crusade. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521589871. Sir Archibald Alison, Essays, Political, Historical, and Miscellaneous – vol. II, London, 1850.
First editions (publ. Cambridge University Press) A History of the Crusades by Steven Runciman, published in three volumes during 1951–1954 (vol.I - The First Crusade and the Foundation of the Kingdom of Jerusalem; vol. II - The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East, 1100-1187; vol. III - The Kingdom of Accre and the Later Crusades), is an influential work in the historiography of the ...
Later medieval authors that wrote of the Crusades worked primarily from original sources rather than first-hand experience. The first known example is Liber recuperations Terre Sancte (1291) by Franciscan friar Fidentius of Padua, and early historians generally combined their histories with calls for new crusades to the Holy Land or against the ...