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  2. Proportionality (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportionality_(mathematics)

    Inverse proportionality with product x y = 1 . Two variables are inversely proportional (also called varying inversely, in inverse variation, in inverse proportion) [2] if each of the variables is directly proportional to the multiplicative inverse (reciprocal) of the other, or equivalently if their product is a constant. [3]

  3. Power law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_law

    Usually, this estimator is the proportion of times that the number occurs in the data set. If the points in the plot tend to converge to a straight line for large numbers in the x axis, then the researcher concludes that the distribution has a power-law tail. Examples of the application of these types of plot have been published. [61]

  4. Proportional reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional_reasoning

    Here is the graph for these two equations. For the numeric values involved in the problem statement, these graphs are "similar" and it is easy to see why individuals consider their incorrect answers perfectly reasonable. Now consider our inverse proportion using the "water triangle".

  5. Boyle's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyle's_law

    For a fixed mass of an ideal gas kept at a fixed temperature, pressure and volume are inversely proportional. [2] Boyle's law is a gas law, stating that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship. If volume increases, then pressure decreases and vice versa, when the temperature is held constant.

  6. Exponential growth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_growth

    The quantity grows at a rate directly proportional to its present size. For example, when it is 3 times as big as it is now, it will be growing 3 times as fast as it is now. In more technical language, its instantaneous rate of change (that is, the derivative) of a quantity with respect to an independent variable is proportional to the quantity ...

  7. Complement graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_graph

    The Petersen graph (on the left) and its complement graph (on the right).. In the mathematical field of graph theory, the complement or inverse of a graph G is a graph H on the same vertices such that two distinct vertices of H are adjacent if and only if they are not adjacent in G.

  8. Data transformation (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_transformation...

    Examples of variance-stabilizing transformations are the Fisher transformation for the sample correlation coefficient, the square root transformation or Anscombe transform for Poisson data (count data), the Box–Cox transformation for regression analysis, and the arcsine square root transformation or angular transformation for proportions ...

  9. Weber–Fechner law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weber–Fechner_law

    What this means is that the perceived change in stimuli is inversely proportional to the initial stimuli. Weber's law also incorporates the just-noticeable difference (JND). This is the smallest change in stimuli that can be perceived. As stated above, the JND dS is proportional to the initial stimuli intensity S.