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Proxima Centauri has a relatively large proper motion—moving 3.85 arcseconds per year across the sky. [53] It has a radial velocity towards the Sun of 22.2 km/s. [5] From Proxima Centauri, the Sun would appear as a bright 0.4-magnitude star in the constellation Cassiopeia, similar to that of Achernar or Procyon from Earth. [nb 6]
Proxima Centauri b is the closest exoplanet to Earth, [20] at a distance of about 4.2 ly (1.3 parsecs). [5] It orbits Proxima Centauri every 11.186 Earth days at a distance of about 0.049 AU, [1] over 20 times closer to Proxima Centauri than Earth is to the Sun. [21] As of 2021, it is unclear whether it has an eccentricity [e] [24] but Proxima Centauri b is unlikely to have any obliquity. [25]
Solar radius is a unit of distance used to express the size of ... methods had been overestimated by approximately 300 km (190 mi). ... Proxima Centauri: 0.1542 [17 ...
Distance Spectral type Stellar radius (R ☉) Stellar mass (M ☉) Apparent magnitude (V) Absolute magnitude (V) Notes Sun: 1.58 × 10-5 (149,600,000 km) G2V 1 -26.74 [117] 4.83 [117] The star at the centre of the Solar System. Alpha Centauri A (Rigil Kentaurus) 4.344 ± 0.002: G2V [51] 1.2175 ± 0.0055 [52] 1.0788 ± 0.0029 [52] 0.01 [53] 4.38 ...
The closest system is Alpha Centauri, with Proxima Centauri as the closest star in that system, at 4.2465 light-years from Earth. The brightest, most massive and most luminous object among those 131 is Sirius A , which is also the brightest star in Earth's night sky ; its white dwarf companion Sirius B is the hottest object among them.
There is no specific velocity that is considered high, but the proper motion article notes that the majority of stars have a proper motion of 0.01 arc-seconds per year. Note that the closer a star is to earth, the faster it will appear to travel in arc-seconds per year for a given "real" velocity; therefore, the PM values here are apparent ...
Proxima Centauri is a red dwarf star and the nearest star to the Solar System. It is located 4.24 light-years away. Within the model's scale, it has a diameter of about 72 mm and is located 13 370 km away from Akaa. This ground distance takes it in the middle of Australia and near the famous Ayers Rock / Uluru.
The angles involved in these calculations are very small and thus difficult to measure. The nearest star to the Sun (and thus the star with the largest parallax), Proxima Centauri, has a parallax of 0.7687 ± 0.0003 arcsec. [18] This angle is approximately that subtended by an object 2 centimeters in diameter located 5.3 kilometers away.