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Flame photometry is a type of atomic emission spectroscopy. It is also known as flame emission spectroscopy . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] A photoelectric flame photometer is an instrument used in inorganic chemical analysis to determine the concentration of certain metal ions, among them sodium , potassium , lithium , and calcium . [ 3 ]
A flame during the assessment of calcium ions in a flame photometer. The sample of a material (analyte) is brought into the flame as a gas, sprayed solution, or directly inserted into the flame by use of a small loop of wire, usually platinum. The heat from the flame evaporates the solvent and breaks intramolecular bonds to create free atoms.
The nature of the excited and ground states depends only on the element. Ordinarily, there are no bonds to be broken, and molecular orbital theory is not applicable. The emission spectrum observed in flame test is also the basis of flame emission spectroscopy, atomic emission spectroscopy, and flame photometry. [4] [13]
A laboratory flame photometer that uses a propane operated flame atomizer Liquid or dissolved samples are typically used with flame atomizers. The sample solution is aspirated by a pneumatic analytical nebulizer , transformed into an aerosol , which is introduced into a spray chamber, where it is mixed with the flame gases and conditioned in a ...
Hefner lamp or in German Hefnerkerze. The Hefner lamp, or in German Hefnerkerze, is a flame lamp used in photometry that burns amyl acetate.. The lamp was invented by Friedrich von Hefner-Alteneck in 1884 and he proposed its use as a standard flame for photometric purposes with a luminous intensity unit of the Hefnerkerze (HK).
A photometer is an instrument that measures the strength of ... Atomic absorption photometers are photometers that measure the light from a very hot flame. The ...
The Beckman team eventually developed additional models, as well as a number of accessories or attachments which could be used to modify the DU for different types of work. One of the first accessories was a flame attachment with a more powerful photo multiplier to enable the user to examine flames such as potassium, sodium and cesium (1947).
Each different component of air pollution has to be measured by a different process, piece of equipment, or chemical reaction. Analytical chemistry techniques used for measuring pollution include gas chromatography; various forms of spectrometry, spectroscopy, and spectrophotometry; and flame photometry.