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The Fifth Book of the Maccabees, also called "Arabic 2 Maccabees", or "Arabic Maccabees", [1] is an ancient Jewish work relating the history in the 2nd and 1st centuries BC. The book chronicles the events from Heliodorus ' attempt to rob the Temple treasury in 186 BC to the death of Herod the Great 's two sons about 6 BC.
5 Maccabees, an Arabic text which offers an account of the history of the Maccabees from 186 BC to 6 BC. The same title is occasionally ascribed to a Syriac version of the 6th book of Josephus' The Jewish War. [2] [3] 6 Maccabees, a Syriac poem that possibly shared a lost source with 4 Maccabees. [3]
The descendants of Mattathias. The Maccabees (/ ˈ m æ k ə b iː z /), also spelled Machabees (Hebrew: מַכַּבִּים, Makkabbīm or מַקַבִּים, Maqabbīm; Latin: Machabaei or Maccabaei; Ancient Greek: Μακκαβαῖοι, Makkabaioi), were a group of Jewish rebel warriors who took control of Judea, which at the time was part of the Seleucid Empire.
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Jason of Cyrene is an unknown Hellenistic Jew.While Greek-speaking, he still favored the rebel Maccabees in their revolt against the Seleucid Empire; the rebels included both traditionalist Aramaic-speaking Jews as well as Greek-speaking Jews who opposed the anti-Jewish decrees of King Antiochus IV Epiphanes.
The account of the Maccabees described in these sacred texts are not those of the advent of the Hasmonean dynasty of Judea, nor are they an account of the "Five Holy Maccabean Martyrs", nor the "woman with seven sons", who were also referred to as 'Maccabees' and are revered in Orthodox Christianity as the "Holy Maccabean Martyrs". [4]
A partial list of books includes: The God of the Maccabees (Berlin, 1937; English translation, 1979) Institutions des Séleucides (Paris, 1938) From Ezra to the Last of the Maccabees (New York, 1962) Studies in Jewish and Christian History (3 volumes, Leiden, 1976–1986) Religion and Politics in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods (Como, 1985)
There are marked differences between the events described in the Megillat Antiochus and other contemporary records, including the Books of Maccabees and the writings of Josephus. The Jewish Encyclopedia commented in its entry: "That Antioch is mentioned as a coast city; that John, with the surname "Maccabee," is called a high priest; and that ...