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U pre is the pre-dialysis urea level; U post is the post-dialysis urea level; Whereas the URR is formally defined as the urea reduction "ratio", in practice it is informally multiplied by 100% as shown in the formula above, and expressed as a percent.
K – dialyzer clearance of urea; t – dialysis time; V – volume of distribution of urea, approximately equal to patient's total body water; In the context of hemodialysis, Kt/V is a pseudo-dimensionless number; it is dependent on the pre- and post-dialysis concentration (see below).
Uremic frost has become increasingly uncommon with the advent of dialysis in the 1950s. Uremic frost is a classical pre-dialysis era description of crystallized urea deposits over the skin of patients with prolonged kidney failure and severe uremia. High blood urea level leads to high secretion of urea by sweat glands as a component of sweat.
Uremia is the condition of having high levels of urea in the blood. Urea is one of the primary components of urine.It can be defined as an excess in the blood of amino acid and protein metabolism end products, such as urea and creatinine, which would normally be excreted in the urine.
Kt/V is a ratio of the pre- and post-dialysis urea concentrations. Standardized Kt/V is an equivalent clearance defined by the initial urea concentration (compare equation 8 and equation 10). Kt/V is defined as (see article on Kt/V for derivation): = [3]
Azotemia (from azot 'nitrogen' and -emia 'blood condition'), also spelled azotaemia, is a medical condition characterized by abnormally high levels of nitrogen-containing compounds (such as urea, creatinine, various body waste compounds, and other nitrogen-rich compounds) in the blood.
Agents on patrol discovered two backpacks stuffed with more than $1.1 million worth of cocaine in Washington state near the border with Canada, U.S. Customs and Border Protection said Monday.
In medicine, the urea-to-creatinine ratio (UCR [1]), known in the United States as BUN-to-creatinine ratio, is the ratio of the blood levels of urea (mmol/L) and creatinine (Cr) (μmol/L). BUN only reflects the nitrogen content of urea (MW 28) and urea measurement reflects the whole of the molecule (MW 60), urea is just over twice BUN (60/28 ...