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  2. Amethyst - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amethyst

    Amethyst is a violet variety of quartz.The name comes from the Koine Greek αμέθυστος amethystos from α-a-, "not" and μεθύσκω (Ancient Greek) methysko / μεθώ metho (Modern Greek), "intoxicate", a reference to the belief that the stone protected its owner from drunkenness. [1]

  3. Medieval jewelry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_jewelry

    The famous shoulder-clasps from Sutton Hoo, one of the finest examples of gold and garnet cloisonné inlay work (not enamel) Main articles: Fibula (brooch) and Celtic brooch Barbarian jewelry of the Migration Period is one of the most common forms of surviving art from their cultures, and the personal adornment of the elite was clearly ...

  4. Victorian jewellery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victorian_jewellery

    Hair jewellery became an established fashion during the mid eighteenth century. Hair jewellery became increasingly prominent in the 1850s with this trend lasting until the 1880s. [ 6 ] Although hair jewellery existed before 1861, its use by Queen Victoria after the death of her husband, Prince Albert , reignited and heightened the popularity of ...

  5. Jewellery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewellery

    Conversely, the jewellery industry in the early 20th century launched a campaign to popularise wedding rings for men, which caught on, as well as engagement rings for men, which did not, go so far as to create a false history and claim that the practice had medieval roots. By the mid-1940s, 85% of weddings in the U.S. featured a double-ring ...

  6. Etruscan jewelry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_jewelry

    In the late classical era body jewelry became more and more popular as the fashions tended towards a progressive state of undress. The body jewelry was the adornment of the body and was paired with other artifacts such as shoes, holding mirrors, etc.

  7. Hipparchus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipparchus

    Hipparchus (/ h ɪ ˈ p ɑːr k ə s /; Greek: Ἵππαρχος, Hípparkhos; c. 190 – c. 120 BC) was a Greek astronomer, geographer, and mathematician.He is considered the founder of trigonometry, [1] but is most famous for his incidental discovery of the precession of the equinoxes. [2]

  8. Luminous gemstones - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminous_gemstones

    Some fluorite, particularly the variety chlorophane (aka pyroemerald and cobra stone), may become very faintly luminescent simply from the heat of one's hand. Chlorophane is unusual for combining the properties of thermoluminescence, triboluminescence, phosphorescence, and fluorescence; it will emit visible spectrum light when rubbed, or ...

  9. Quartz - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartz

    Natural citrines are rare; most commercial citrines are heat-treated amethysts or smoky quartzes. However, a heat-treated amethyst will have small lines in the crystal, as opposed to a natural citrine's cloudy or smoky appearance. It is nearly impossible to differentiate between cut citrine and yellow topaz visually, but they differ in hardness.