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A sound attenuator, or duct silencer, sound trap, or muffler, is a noise control acoustical treatment of Heating Ventilating and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) ductwork designed to reduce transmission of noise through the ductwork, either from equipment into occupied spaces in a building, or between occupied spaces.
An acoustic transmission line is the use of a long duct, which acts as an acoustic waveguide and is used to produce or transmit sound in an undistorted manner. Technically it is the acoustic analog of the electrical transmission line , typically conceived as a rigid-walled duct or tube, that is long and thin relative to the wavelength of sound ...
In the case of central air systems, it is important to baffle any ducts that could transmit sound between different building areas. Designing special-purpose rooms has more exotic challenges, since these rooms may have requirements for unusual features such as concert performance, sound studio recording , lecture halls.
Sound baffles are a fundamental tool of noise mitigation, the practice of minimizing noise pollution or reverberation. An important type of sound baffle is the noise barrier constructed along highways to reduce sound levels in the vicinity of properties. Sound baffles are also applied to walls and ceilings in building interiors to absorb sound ...
Aeroacoustics is concerned with how noise is generated by the movement of air, for instance via turbulence, and how sound propagates through the fluid air. Aeroacoustics plays an important role in understanding how noise is generated by aircraft and wind turbines , as well as exploring how wind instruments work.
Transmission loss (TL) in duct acoustics is defined as the difference between the power incident on a duct acoustic device and that transmitted downstream into an anechoic termination. Transmission loss is independent of the source, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] if only plane waves are incident at the inlet of the device. [ 2 ]
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