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Potentially serious side effects are unusual, but include severe allergic reaction, eye pain or change in vision, or urinary retention. It is considered safe during pregnancy, but it can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. [11] Ipratropium bromide was patented in 1966, and approved for medical use in 1974. [12]
Ipratropium bromide/salbutamol, sold under the brand name Combivent among others, is a combination medication used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [1] [4] [5] It contains ipratropium (an anticholinergic) and salbutamol (albuterol, a β 2-adrenergic agonist). [1] Common side effects include sore throat, muscle cramps, and ...
Some examples of anticholinergics are tiotropium (Spiriva) and ipratropium bromide. [citation needed] Tiotropium is a long-acting, 24-hour, anticholinergic bronchodilator used in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Only available as an inhalant, ipratropium bromide is used in the treatment of asthma and COPD.
Bromide salts are used in hot tubs as mild germicidal agents to generate in situ hypobromite. The bromide ion is antiepileptic and as bromide salt, is used in veterinary medicine in the US. The kidneys excrete bromide ions. The half-life of bromide in the human body (12 days) is long compared with many pharmaceuticals, making dosing challenging ...
Muscarinic antagonists such as ipratropium bromide can also be effective in treating asthma, since acetylcholine is known to cause smooth muscle contraction, especially in the bronchi Further information: Cholinergic crisis § Treatment
Inhaled short-acting β2-adrenergic agonists, such as terbutaline and salbutamol, are the first-line drugs indicated for asthma exacerbation for all patients to provide rapid bronchodilating effects. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Short-acting β2-adrenergic agonists can be delivered by different devices, for example, nebulizers and metered-dose inhalers .
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Data regarding some serious side effects is mixed as of 2020. [10] In September 2008 a review found that tiotropium and another member of its class ipratropium may be linked to increased risk of heart attacks, stroke and cardiovascular death. [25] The US FDA reviewed the concern and concluded in 2010 that this association was not supported.
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