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7.62×54mmR is widely available both as military surplus and new production, but less so for match-grade rounds. Most surplus ammunition is steel-cased and uses Berdan primers, which effectively hinders its use for handloading.
The Finnish cartridge 7.62×53mmR is a slightly modified variation of the Russian 7.62×54mmR, and is considered interchangeable with 54R. However, the older version of the Finnish military cartridge was loaded with the S-type bullet that had nominal diameter of .308.
The below table gives a list of firearms that can fire the 7.62×54mmR cartridge. The cartridge was originally developed for the Mosin–Nagant rifle and introduced in 1891 by the Russian Empire . It was the service cartridge of the late Tsarist era and throughout the Soviet period to the present-day Russia and other countries as well.
An ammunition plant set up with Soviet and North Korean assistance. It makes 7.62mm M43 Soviet, 7.62mm M91 Russian, 12.7mm ComBloc, and 14.5mm ComBloc ammunition. Packaging is labeled in English and is stamped with blue ink on the white cardboard cartons.
7 shot revolver 7.62×38mmR (7.62 mm Nagant) 1895–present still used by some police and security forces Single action "Private's model", early and WW1 production, most converted to double action Interwar. Double action "Officer's model", produced pre-WW1, WW1, interwar and WW2 Suppressed model produced after 1931
The Degtyaryov machine gun (Russian: Пулемёт Дегтярёва Пехотный, romanized: Pulemyot Degtyaryova Pekhotny literally: "Degtyaryov's infantry machine gun") or DP-27/DP-28 is a light machine gun firing the 7.62×54mmR cartridge that was primarily used by the Soviet Union, with service trials starting in 1927, followed by general deployment in 1928.
Finland: Captured from Soviet troops, AVT-40 version also used. [20] Finnish captured SVT-38s, 40s and AVT-40s have a [SA] property stamp. [citation needed] Georgia: Used during civil conflicts in the 1990s [30] East Germany [citation needed] Nazi Germany: Captured from Soviet troops, designated as Selbstladegewehr 259(r). [31]
In Russian service, the SVD is to be replaced with the Chukavin SVCh sniper/designated marksman rifle. In February 2023 it was reported that the Chukavin SVCh began to be mass-produced by Kalashnikov Concern. [7] When chambered for the 7.62×54mmR the Chukavin SVCh uses SVD compatible box magazines. [8] [9] [10]