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2. BIOS - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS

   Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) is a successor to the legacy PC BIOS, aiming to address its technical limitations. [5] UEFI firmware may include legacy BIOS compatibility to maintain compatibility with operating systems and option cards that do not support UEFI native operation.

3. UEFI - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFI

   Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI, / ˈ juː ɪ f aɪ / or as an acronym) [c] is a specification for the firmware architecture of a computing platform. When a computer is powered on , the UEFI-implementation is typically the first that runs, before starting the operating system .

4. USB human interface device class - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_human_interface_device...

   The PC 97 standard requires that a computer's BIOS must detect and work with USB HID class keyboards that are designed to be used during the boot process. Some keyboards implement the USB Boot Keyboard profile specified in the USB Device Class Definition for Human Interface Devices (HID) v1.11 and are explicitly configured to use the boot protocol.

5. Firmware - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firmware

   ROM BIOS firmware on a Baby AT motherboard. In some respects, the various firmware components are as important as the operating system in a working computer. However, unlike most modern operating systems, firmware rarely has a well-evolved automatic mechanism of updating itself to fix any functionality issues detected after shipping the unit.

6. Human interface device - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_interface_device

   For example, a basic mouse defines a 3 byte Report where the least significant (0) bit of the report is the left button, the next (1) bit is the middle button, and the third (2) bit is the right button. To allow the mouse 8-bit X and Y position coordinates to conveniently land on byte boundaries, a 5-bit 'pad' is defined.

7. BIOS interrupt call - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS_interrupt_call

   BIOS interrupt calls perform hardware control or I/O functions requested by a program, return system information to the program, or do both. A key element of the purpose of BIOS calls is abstraction - the BIOS calls perform generally defined functions, and the specific details of how those functions are executed on the particular hardware of the system are encapsulated in the BIOS and hidden ...

8. Option ROM - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Option_ROM

   An option ROM for the PC platform (i.e. the IBM PC and derived successor computer systems) is a piece of firmware that resides in ROM on an expansion card (or stored along with the main system BIOS), which gets executed to initialize the device and (optionally) add support for the device to the BIOS.

9. Read-only memory - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory

   Later home or office computers such as the IBM PC XT often included magnetic disk drives, and larger amounts of RAM, allowing them to load their operating systems from disk into RAM, with only a minimal hardware initialization core and bootloader remaining in ROM (known as the BIOS in IBM-compatible computers). This arrangement allowed for a ...