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Near visual acuity or near vision is a measure of how clearly a person can see nearby small objects or letters.Visual acuity in general usually refers clarity of distance vision, and is measured using eye charts like Snellen chart, LogMAR chart etc. Near vision is usually measured and recorded using a printed hand-held card containing different sized paragraphs, words, letters or symbols.
An eye chart is a chart used to measure visual acuity comprising lines of optotypes in ranges of sizes. Optotypes are the letters or symbols shown on an eye chart. [ 1 ] Eye charts are often used by health care professionals, such as optometrists , physicians and nurses , to screen persons for vision impairment .
The Jaeger chart is an eye chart used in testing near visual acuity.It is a card on which paragraphs of text are printed, with the text sizes increasing from 0.37 mm to 2.5 mm. [1] This card is to be held by a patient at a fixed distance from the eye dependent on the J size being read.
Snellen chart. The Snellen chart, which dates back to 1862, is also commonly used to estimate visual acuity.A Snellen score of 6/6 (20/20), indicating that an observer can resolve details as small as 1 minute of visual angle, corresponds to a LogMAR of 0 (since the base-10 logarithm of 1 is 0); a Snellen score of 6/12 (20/40), indicating an observer can resolve details as small as 2 minutes of ...
Visual acuity is a subjective test meaning that if the patient is unwilling or unable to cooperate, the test cannot be done. A patient who is sleepy, intoxicated, or has any disease that can alter their consciousness or mental status, may not achieve their maximum possible acuity.
The Monoyer chart was created by Ferdinand Monoyer and is used to test visual acuity. [1] He inserted his name in the chart; reading upwards on both ends, but ignoring the first line, the name "Ferdinand Monoyer" can be seen.
The MNREAD acuity chart or Minnesota low vision reading chart is a text based chart used to measure near visual acuity in people with normal or low vision. [1] It can also be used to measure maximum reading speed, critical print size and the reading accessibility index of a person. [2] Digital and printed types of charts are available. [3]
The value D, indicated to the left of each row, gives the distance in meters from which a person with a visual acuity of 1.0 can read the corresponding row. The value V, indicated to the right, gives the minimum visual acuity needed to read the row from a distance of 5 meters. The first row contains symbols 70 mm in size (V = 0.1); the second ...