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The term waterborne disease is reserved largely for infections that predominantly are transmitted through contact with or consumption of microbially polluted water.Many infections may be transmitted by microbes or parasites that accidentally, possibly as a result of exceptional circumstances, have entered the water.
P. syringae can cause water to freeze at temperatures as high as −1.8 °C (28.8 °F), [26] but strains causing ice nucleation at lower temperatures (down to −8 °C (18 °F)) are more common. [27] The freezing causes injuries in the epithelia and makes the nutrients in the underlying plant tissues available to the bacteria. [citation needed]
The bacteria infect new plants through stomata and wounds. Pruning or hedging can cut open mesophyll tissues, creating wounds through which the plant may be directly infected. The rain can also cause water congestion on the leaf surface, form columns of water through the stomata and promote infection through natural openings.
Significant variation in symptoms is seen between diseases, though some symptoms are expressed across species. On a macroscopic scale, plants infected with a X. fastidiosa-related disease exhibit symptoms of water, zinc, and iron deficiencies, [27] manifesting as leaf scorching and stunting in leaves turning them yellowish-brown, gummy substance around leaves, [27] fruit reduction in size and ...
Water that is intended for drinking should go through some treatment to reduce pathogenic viral and bacterial concentrations. As the density of the human population has increased the incidence of sewage contamination of water has increased as well, thus the risk to humans from pathogenic viruses will increase if precautions are not taken. [3]
The blistering rash on 7-month-old Sobhia’s skin is the result of bacteria from polluted water, doctors told her mother. ... desalination plants and 88% of its water wells ... respiratory ...
With treatment, most people will recover, [1] but an immunocompromised status and systemic infection carry a worse prognosis. [1] S. schenkii, the causal fungus, is found worldwide. [1] The species was named for Benjamin Schenck, a medical student who, in 1896, was the first to isolate it from a human specimen. [8]
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