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A diversity of earlier Southern dialects once existed: a consequence of the mix of English speakers from the British Isles (including largely English and Scots-Irish immigrants) who migrated to the American South in the 17th and 18th centuries, with particular 19th-century elements also borrowed from the London upper class and enslaved African-Americans.
After the Civil War, the growth of timber, coal, railroad, steel, textile, and tobacco mill industries throughout the South, along with the whole country's resulting migration changes, likely contributed to the expansion of a more unified Southern accent (now associated with the 20th century), which gradually ousted 19th-century Southern accents. [11]
The Southern drawl is a common name for, broadly, the accent of Southern American English or, narrowly, a particular feature of the accent: the articulation of the front pure vowels with lengthening and breaking (diphthongization or even triphthongization), perhaps also co-occurring with a marked change in pitch.
The 2006 Atlas of North American English identifies a "Southeastern super-region", in which all accents of the Southern States, as well as accents all along their regional margins, constitute a vast area of recent linguistic unity in certain respects: [46] namely, the movement of four vowel sounds (those in the words GOOSE, STRUT, GOAT, and ...
A Southern accent term usually refers to either: Southern American English; English in Southern England; Southern Accent, the ...
Boston accent Cajun English California English Chicano English General American [16] [17] [9] Inland Northern American English Miami accent Mid-Atlantic English New York accent Philadelphia accent Southern American English Brummie [18] Southern England English Northern England English RP Ulster English West & South-West Irish English Dublin English
Hiberno-English (Irish English) . Ulster. Ulster Scots dialect (); Leinster. Dublin. Dublin 4 (D4); South-West Ireland; Extinct. Yola language (also known as Forth and Bargy dialect), thought to have been a descendant of Middle English, spoken in County Wexford [6] [7]
English-language scholar William A. Kretzschmar Jr. explains in a 2004 article that the term "General American" came to refer to "a presumed most common or 'default' form of American English, especially to be distinguished from marked regional speech of New England or the South" and referring especially to speech associated with the vaguely-defined "Midwest", despite any historical or present ...