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In biology, any group of fish that stay together for social reasons are shoaling, and if the group is swimming in the same direction in a coordinated manner, they are schooling. [1] In common usage, the terms are sometimes used rather loosely. [1] About one quarter of fish species shoal all their lives, and about one half shoal for part of ...
Shoaling and schooling – In biology, any group of fish that stay together for social reasons are shoaling, and if the group is swimming in the same direction in a coordinated manner, they are schooling . Marine habitats – The sedimentologist Francis Shepard classified coasts as primary or secondary.
Shoaling also increases mating and foraging success. Schooling on the other hand, is a behaviour within the shoal where fish can be seen performing various manoeuvres in a synchronised manner. [76] The parallel swimming is a form of ‘social copying’ where fish in the school replicate the direction and velocity of its neighbouring fishes. [77]
Garra barreimiae is a small, slender fish, somewhat flattened on the underside. It grows to a length of about 7–8 cm (2.8–3.1 in). [3] [4] The head is wedge-shaped and has a suction plate on the lower jaw and a blunt snout. This fish is a fairly dark colour and is speckled; it has a paler transverse band just behind the head.
The term flocking or murmuration can refer specifically to swarm behaviour in birds, herding to refer to swarm behaviour in tetrapods, and shoaling or schooling to refer to swarm behaviour in fish. Phytoplankton also gather in huge swarms called blooms , although these organisms are algae and are not self-propelled the way animals are.
The common minnow is a small fish which reaches a maximum total length of 14 centimetres (5 + 1 ⁄ 2 in), but is normally around 7 centimetres (3 in) in length. It has 3 spines and 6–8 soft rays in its dorsal fin with 3 spines and 6–8 soft rays in its anal fin .
This can be seen in species of shoaling fish, where the initial aggregation of individuals to a group initially allowed for the protection from predators, however the limiting resources available changes over time, and mortality rates of these fish begin to increase, [31] showing that resource competition is an important regulator of reef fish ...
A school of bluefin trevally working a school of anchovies which may compact into a spherical bait ball if they are sufficiently threatened. A bait ball, or baitball, occurs when small fish swarm in a tightly packed spherical formation about a common centre. [1]