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  2. Deletion (genetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deletion_(genetics)

    Deletion on a chromosome. In genetics, a deletion (also called gene deletion, deficiency, or deletion mutation) (sign: Δ) is a mutation (a genetic aberration) in which a part of a chromosome or a sequence of DNA is left out during DNA replication.

  3. Site-directed mutagenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site-directed_mutagenesis

    The mutation may be a single base change (a point mutation), multiple base changes, deletion, or insertion. The single-strand primer is then extended using a DNA polymerase, which copies the rest of the gene. The gene thus copied contains the mutated site, and is then introduced into a host cell in a vector and cloned.

  4. Mutagenesis (molecular biology technique) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutagenesis_(molecular...

    Types of mutations that can be introduced by random, site-directed, combinatorial, or insertional mutagenesis. In molecular biology, mutagenesis is an important laboratory technique whereby DNA mutations are deliberately engineered to produce libraries of mutant genes, proteins, strains of bacteria, or other genetically modified organisms.

  5. Mutagenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutagenesis

    DNA may be modified, either naturally or artificially, by a number of physical, chemical and biological agents, resulting in mutations. Hermann Muller found that "high temperatures" have the ability to mutate genes in the early 1920s, [2] and in 1927, demonstrated a causal link to mutation upon experimenting with an x-ray machine, noting phylogenetic changes when irradiating fruit flies with ...

  6. Modifications (genetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modifications_(genetics)

    The genetically modified entity is reintroduced into a new bacterial or yeast cell. This cell will then undergo mitosis and divide rapidly, producing insulin suitable for human needs. Scientists grow the genetically modified bacteria or yeast in large fermentation vessels, which contain all of their necessary nutrients, and allow large amounts ...

  7. Transposon mutagenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transposon_Mutagenesis

    Alternatively, an injection of transposase mRNA into the host cell can induce translation and expression. [5] Early transposon mutagenesis experiments relied on bacteriophages and conjugative bacterial plasmids for the insertion of sequences. These were very non-specific, and made it difficult to incorporate specific genes.

  8. Illegitimate recombination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illegitimate_Recombination

    In prokaryotes, illegitimate recombination results in a mutation of the genetic sequence of the prokaryote. This process takes different forms in eukaryotes one of which is deletions. In a deletion mutation the prokaryotic organism undergoes illegitimate recombination resulting in the removal of a continuous segment of genetic code.

  9. Indel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indel

    Indel (insertion-deletion) is a molecular biology term for an insertion or deletion of bases in the genome of an organism. Indels ≥ 50 bases in length are classified as structural variants. [1] [2] In coding regions of the genome, unless the length of an indel is a multiple of 3, it will produce a frameshift mutation.