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The Centor criteria are a set of criteria which may be used to identify the likelihood of a bacterial infection in patients complaining of a sore throat. They were developed as a method to quickly diagnose the presence of Group A streptococcal infection or diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis in "adult patients who presented to an urban emergency room complaining of a sore throat."
A scoring system, such as the Centor score, may help separate possible causes. [1] [5] Confirmation may be by a throat swab or rapid strep test. [1] [5] Treatment efforts involve improving symptoms and decreasing complications. [5] Paracetamol (acetaminophen) and ibuprofen may be used to help with pain.
The Infectious Disease Society of America recommends against routine antibiotic treatment and considers antibiotics only appropriate when given after a positive test. [8] Testing is not needed in children under three as both group A strep and rheumatic fever are rare, unless a child has a sibling with the disease. [8]
Tonsillitis is a subtype of pharyngitis. [14] If the inflammation includes both the tonsils and other parts of the throat, it may be called pharyngotonsillitis or tonsillopharyngitis . [ 15 ] Another subclassification is nasopharyngitis (the common cold).
For sore throat caused by bacteria (GAS), treatment with antibiotics may help the person get better faster, reduce the risk that the bacterial infection spreads, prevent retropharyngeal abscesses and quinsy, and reduce the risk of other complications such as rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. [2]
Treatment can also be given while a patient is under anesthesia, but this is usually reserved for children or anxious patients. Tonsillectomy can be indicated if a patient has recurring peritonsillar abscesses or a history of tonsillitis. For patients with their first peritonsillar abscess most ENT-surgeons prefer to "wait and observe" before ...
Surgical treatment may include partial or complete tonsil removal. [1] [10] Up to 10% of people have tonsil stones. [1] Biological sex does not influence the chance of having tonsil stones, [1] but older people are more commonly affected. [2] Many people opt to extract their own tonsil stones manually or with developments in dental hygiene ...
Phenoxymethylpenicillin, also known as penicillin V (PcV) and penicillin VK, is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. [2] Specifically it is used for the treatment of strep throat, otitis media, and cellulitis. [2] It is also used to prevent rheumatic fever and to prevent infections following removal of the ...