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English: An (admittedly extremely rough) schematic of the sacral plexus based on "Netter, Frank (2011) Atlas of Human Anatomy, Saunders Elsevier, pp. 487 ISBN: 978-1-4160-5951-6. " or equivalently the reproduction at this site.
In human anatomy, the sacral plexus is a nerve plexus which provides motor and sensory nerves for the posterior thigh, most of the lower leg and foot, and part of the pelvis. It is part of the lumbosacral plexus and emerges from the lumbar vertebrae and sacral vertebrae (L4-S4). [ 1 ]
The nerve to piriformis is a branch of the sacral plexus. [1] [2] It (typically [3]) arises from the posterior divisions [4] /branches [3] of anterior rami of S1 and S2.
In humans, the sciatic nerve is formed from the L4 to S3 segments of the sacral plexus, a collection of nerve fibres that emerge from the sacral part of the spinal cord. The lumbosacral trunk from the L4 and L5 roots descends between the sacral promontory and ala, and the S1 to S3 roots emerge from the ventral sacral foramina.
Medial cluneal nerves (pink) - labeled as "post. division of sacral" Inferior cluneal nerves (pink region, not designated with its own section) Perforating cutaneous nerve (pink region, not designated with its own section) Superior cluneal nerves (yellow) - labeled as "post. division of lumbar" Iliohypogastric nerve (blue)
The nerves divide into branches and the branches from different nerves join with one another, some of them also joining with lumbar or coccygeal nerve branches. These anastomoses of nerves form the sacral plexus and the lumbosacral plexus. The branches of these plexus give rise to nerves that supply much of the hip, thigh, leg and foot. [4] [6]
The superior gluteal nerve is a mixed (motor and sensory) nerve of the sacral plexus that originates in the pelvis. It provides motor innervation to the gluteus medius , gluteus minimus , tensor fasciae latae , and piriformis muscles; it also has a cutaneous branch.
The following diagram is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the human nervous system: Human nervous system. Human nervous system – the part of the human body that coordinates a person's voluntary and involuntary actions and transmits signals between different parts of the body.