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The history of Chechnya may refer to the history of the Chechens, of their land Chechnya, or of the land of Ichkeria. Chechen society has traditionally been organized around many autonomous local clans, called taips. The traditional Chechen saying goes that the members of Chechen society, like its taips, are (ideally) "free and equal like wolves".
The Chechen–Russian conflict (Russian: Чеченский конфликт, romanized: Chechensky konflikt; Chechen: Нохчийн-Оьрсийн дов, romanized: Noxçiyn-Örsiyn dov) was the centuries-long ethnic and political conflict, often armed, between the Russian, Soviet and Imperial Russian governments and various Chechen forces.
The First Chechen War, during which Russian forces attempted to regain control over Chechnya, took place from 1994 to 1996. Despite overwhelming numerical superiority in troops, weaponry, and air support , the Russian forces were unable to establish effective permanent control over the mountainous area due to numerous successful full-scale ...
Chechnya was first incorporated as a whole into the Russian Empire in 1859 after the decades-long Caucasian War.Tsarist rule was marked by a transition into modern times, including the formation (or re-formation) of a Chechen bourgeoisie, the emergence of social movements, reorientation of the Chechen economy towards oil, heavy ethnic discrimination at the expense of Chechens and others in ...
Chechen Autonomous Oblast; Chechen National Okrug; Declaration of Sovereignty of the Chechen Republic; Chechen Revolution; Chechen–Russian conflict; Chechen–Slav ethnic clashes (1958–1965) Chechnya and Ingushetia in the Soviet Union; Circassian genocide
Chechnya Diary: A War Correspondent's Story of Surviving the War in Chechnya. New York: Thomas Dunne Books. ISBN 978-0-312-26874-9. Stone, David R. (2006). A Military History of Russia: From Ivan the Terrible to the War in Chechnya. Westport: Praeger Security International. ISBN 978-0-275-98502-8. Politkovskaya, Anna (2003).
Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the North Caucasus saw renewed uprisings, particularly in Chechnya. The First Chechen War (1994–1996) [64] and Second Chechen War (1999–2000) [65] resulted in tens of thousands of deaths and widespread destruction, especially in Chechen cities like Grozny. [66]
The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (/ ɪ tʃ ˈ k ɛr i ə / itch-KERR-ee-ə; Chechen: Нохчийн Республик Ичкери, romanized: Nóxçiyn Respublik Içkeri; Russian: Чеченская Республика Ичкерия, romanized: Chechenskaya Respublika Ichkeriya; abbreviated as "ChRI" or "CRI"), known simply as Ichkeria, and also known as Chechnya, is a former de facto ...