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  2. Antimicrobial stewardship - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_stewardship

    Every time an antimicrobial agent is used, it applies selection evolutionary pressure to microbial populations which can result in disruption to the normal microbiome as well as resistance to that agent, and even cross-resistance to other agents. Resistance can then spread to other microbes and to other host organisms.

  3. Multidrug-resistant bacteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multidrug-resistant_bacteria

    Antibiotic inactivation: bacteria create proteins that can prevent damage caused by antibiotics, they can do this in two ways. First, inactivating or modifying the antibiotic so that it can no longer interact with its target. Second, degrading the antibiotic directly. [7] Multidrug efflux pumps: The use of transporter proteins to expel the ...

  4. Outline of infectious disease concepts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_infectious...

    Antimicrobial stewardship – strategies to ensure appropriate and effective use of antimicrobial agents to prevent microbial resistance. Antiseptic – Chemical substance applied to skin or surface to reduce pathogens and prevent infection, but not strong enough to sterilize. Antiviral – Medication to treat or prevent viral infections.

  5. Infection prevention and control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infection_prevention_and...

    Antimicrobial medications (aka antimicrobials or anti-infective agents) include antibiotics, antibacterials, antifungals, antivirals and antiprotozoals. [1] The World Health Organization (WHO) has set up an Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) unit in its Service Delivery and Safety department that publishes related guidelines. [2]

  6. Drug resistance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_resistance

    Drug resistance is the reduction in effectiveness of a medication such as an antimicrobial or an antineoplastic in treating a disease or condition. [1] The term is used in the context of resistance that pathogens or cancers have "acquired", that is, resistance has evolved.

  7. Antihypertensive - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antihypertensive

    Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke, heart failure, kidney failure and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34% and of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and can reduce the likelihood of dementia ...

  8. Antimicrobial resistance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_resistance

    This can result in the transfer of resistant bacterial strains into the food that humans eat, causing potentially fatal transfer of disease. While the practice of using antibiotics as growth promoters does result in better yields and meat products, it is a major issue and needs to be decreased in order to prevent antimicrobial resistance. [61]

  9. Antibiotic prophylaxis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibiotic_prophylaxis

    Drugs should be selected with a reasonable spectrum of activity against pathogens likely to be encountered, and antibiotics should be chosen with kinetics that will ensure adequate serum and tissue levels throughout the risk period. Depending on the type of surgery and anticipated contamination associated with it, combinations of different ...

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