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The landing flare, also referred to as the round out, [1] is a maneuver or stage during the landing of an aircraft. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The flare follows the final approach phase and precedes the touchdown and roll-out phases of landing.
A flare or decoy flare is an aerial infrared countermeasure used by an aircraft to counter an infrared homing ("heat-seeking") surface-to-air missile or air-to-air missile. Flares are commonly composed of a pyrotechnic composition based on magnesium or another hot-burning metal, with burning temperature equal to or hotter than engine exhaust.
In 1922, a "landing flare" was an aerial candle attached to a parachute and used for landing an airplane in the dark. The flare burned for less than four minutes and the candlepower was about 40,000 lumens. [31] During World War II, the U.S. Navy tested underwater flares for use in detecting submarines. [32]
The aircraft involved in the accident, photographed two days before the accident at the same airport. The aircraft involved when still in service with Delta Air Lines. The aircraft was built in 1994 [12] as an MD-11 passenger airliner. It was acquired temporarily by NASA to use as the test bed for their Propulsion-Controlled Aircraft system ...
The Chinese jets also fired numerous flares into the plane's path, the country said. The Philippines condemned the Chinese military's actions, characterizing them as "dangerous and provocative."
Airplane approaches the runway with airplane's nose into the wind. During flare, the rudder is used to align the nose with the runway centerline and opposite aileron is used to create sideslip to prevent the airplane drifting away from the centerline. This is a mix of crab and sideslip and it is a recommendation from Airbus.
The most common method of infrared countermeasure is deploying flares, as the heat produced by the flares creates hundreds of targets for the missile. Conventional man-portable air defense systems -launched missiles include an infrared sensor that is sensitive to heat, for example the heat emitted from an aircraft engine. The missile is ...
Multiple unauthorized drones flew above the Palisades fire Friday afternoon, forcing firefighting aircraft to leave the area for safety and angering those working on the front lines, authorities said.