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The main armament of the M1A1 and M1A2 is the M256 120 mm smoothbore gun, designed by Rheinmetall AG of Germany, manufactured under license in the U.S. by Watervliet Arsenal, New York. The M256 is an improved variant of the Rheinmetall 120 mm L/44 gun carried on the German Leopard 2 on all variants up to the Leopard 2A5, the difference being in ...
To improve the lethality of the M1A2 main battle tank, the US Army funded the Advanced Tank Armament System (ATAS) research project to integrate a longer gun tube. [10] The long tube is based on the German Rh-120 L55 tube, made by Rheinmetall, and is 1.3 m longer than the conventional M256 120 mm gun tube.
The round is specifically designed for the 120 mm M256 main gun on the Abrams M1A1 and M1A2 main battle ... (10 lb). The effective target range is 3,000 m (3,300 yd). ...
This program grew into the Leopard 2; the first prototype of the new tank was delivered in 1972, equipped with a 105-millimetre (4.1 in) smoothbore main gun. Between 1972 and 1975, a total of 17 prototypes were developed. [18] The new 120 mm gun's ten-year development effort ended in 1974. [4]
The M1A1 was capable of making kills at ranges in excess of 2,500 meters (8,200 ft). This range was crucial in combat against tanks of Soviet design in Desert Storm, as the effective range of the main gun in the Soviet/Iraqi tanks was less than 2,000 meters (6,600 ft).
In addition, the M101 has found a second use in the U.S. as an avalanche control gun, supervised by the US Forest Service and the US Army TACOM's cooperative effort in the Avalanche Artillery Users of North America Committee (AAUNAC). The M101 is used by a number of ski areas and state departments of transportation for long-range control work.
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The M830 is an American 120×570mm NATO high explosive anti-tank multi purpose (HEAT MP-T) cartridge which has anti-armor and anti-personnel capabilities. [1] This round is meant for the 120 mm M256 main gun of the M1A1 and M1A2 Abrams.