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The evidence on "efficiency" is mixed, with codetermination having either no effect or a positive but generally small effect on enterprise performance. [6] The following is a list of 35 countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and their practices of worker representation on corporate boards of directors. [7]
From 1922 to 1933, and again from 1951 Germany had had board level codetermination laws, inspired by collective agreements between worker unions and management. [1] The 1919 Weimar Constitution said that, “Workers and employees shall be called upon to cooperate in common with employers, and on an equal footing, in the regulation of salaries and working conditions, as well as in the entire ...
Codetermination in Germany is a concept that involves the right of workers to participate in management of the companies they work for. [1] Known as Mitbestimmung, the modern law on codetermination is found principally in the Mitbestimmungsgesetz of 1976. The law allows workers to elect representatives (usually trade union representatives) for ...
The Draft Fifth Company Law Directive (1972–2001) was a European Union proposed directive for a right of co-determination in large companies, i.e. for employees to vote for boards of directors. The draft went through several major revisions, but was never agreed by enough member states and was formally withdrawn in 2001.
On the other hand, the United States has the oldest voluntary codetermination statute for private corporations, in Massachusetts since 1919 passed under the Republican governor Calvin Coolidge, enabling manufacturing companies to have employee representatives on the board of directors, if corporate stockholders agreed. [114]
E McGaughey, 'The Codetermination Bargains: The History of German Corporate and Labour Law' (2016) 23(1) Columbia Journal of European Law 135 R Rosendorff, 'The New German Company Law and the English Companies Act, 1929' (1932) 14(1) Journal of Comparative Legislation and International Law 94 , parts II and III, (1933) 15(1) JCLIL 112 and 15(4 ...
John Mackey, former CEO of Whole Foods Market, an Amazon subsidiary, is a member of The Motley Fool's board of directors. George Budwell has positions in IonQ, Microsoft, and Nvidia. The Motley ...
Center for Interfaith Relations Board of Directors meeting. A board of directors is an executive committee that supervises the activities of a business, a nonprofit organization, or a government agency. The powers, duties, and responsibilities of a board of directors are determined by government regulations (including the jurisdiction's ...