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  2. Ribose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribose

    L-Ribose Fischer Projection. Ribose is a simple sugar and carbohydrate with molecular formula C 5 H 10 O 5 and the linear-form composition H−(C=O)−(CHOH) 4 −H. The naturally occurring form, d-ribose, is a component of the ribonucleotides from which RNA is built, and so this compound is necessary for coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes.

  3. Guanosine diphosphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanosine_diphosphate

    Chemical formula. C 10 H 15 N 5 O 11 P 2 ... a pentose sugar ribose, ... a water molecule is coordinated by the active site residues of the GTPase enzyme. The water ...

  4. Nucleic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid

    Nucleic acid types differ in the structure of the sugar in their nucleotides–DNA contains 2'-deoxyribose while RNA contains ribose (where the only difference is the presence of a hydroxyl group). Also, the nucleobases found in the two nucleic acid types are different: adenine , cytosine , and guanine are found in both RNA and DNA, while ...

  5. Nucleoside - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleoside

    Nucleosides are glycosylamines that can be thought of as nucleotides without a phosphate group.A nucleoside consists simply of a nucleobase (also termed a nitrogenous base) and a five-carbon sugar (ribose or 2'-deoxyribose) whereas a nucleotide is composed of a nucleobase, a five-carbon sugar, and one or more phosphate groups.

  6. Ribonucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribonucleotide

    The general structure of a ribonucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a ribose sugar group, and a nucleobase, in which the nucleobase can either be adenine, guanine, cytosine, or uracil. Without the phosphate group, the composition of the nucleobase and sugar is known as a nucleoside.

  7. Deoxyribose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deoxyribose

    Deoxyribose, or more precisely 2-deoxyribose, is a monosaccharide with idealized formula H−(C=O)−(CH 2)−(CHOH) 3 −H. Its name indicates that it is a deoxy sugar, meaning that it is derived from the sugar ribose by loss of a hydroxy group. Discovered in 1929 by Phoebus Levene, [2] deoxyribose is most notable for its presence in DNA.

  8. Nucleotide base - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleotide_base

    At the sides of nucleic acid structure, phosphate molecules successively connect the two sugar-rings of two adjacent nucleotide monomers, thereby creating a long chain biomolecule. These chain-joins of phosphates with sugars ( ribose or deoxyribose ) create the "backbone" strands for a single- or double helix biomolecule.

  9. Pentose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentose

    The chemical formula of many pentoses is C 5 H 10 O 5, and their molecular weight is 150.13 g/mol. [2] Pentoses are very important in biochemistry. Ribose is a constituent of RNA, and the related molecule, deoxyribose, is a constituent of DNA.