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  2. Vibro stone column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibro_stone_column

    The stone that is poured in takes the place of the soil and keeps up the pressure on the soil that was created by the vibrating probe. The stone consists of crushed coarse aggregates of various sizes. The ratio in which the stones of different sizes will be mixed is decided by design criteria.

  3. Architrave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architrave

    In classical architecture, an architrave (/ ˈ ɑːr k ɪ t r eɪ v /; from Italian architrave 'chief beam', also called an epistyle; [1] from Ancient Greek ἐπίστυλον (epistylon) 'on the column') is the lintel or beam, typically made of wood or stone, that rests on the capitals of columns. [2]

  4. Column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column

    In many classical sites, sectioned columns were carved with a centre hole or depression so that they could be pegged together, using stone or metal pins. The design of most classical columns incorporates entasis (the inclusion of a slight outward curve in the sides) plus a reduction in diameter along the height of the column, so that the top is ...

  5. Stonemasonry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonemasonry

    MP stone is defined by four design attributes. Load-bearing stone. This distinguishes it from cosmetic precut stone, which is used for cladding decoration. [22] Historically, load-bearing stone is the most durable construction method. [4] Massive block sizes. The heuristic definition of 'massive stone' is a block that is too heavy to be lifted ...

  6. Atlas (architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_(architecture)

    In European architectural sculpture, an atlas (also known as an atlant, or atlante [1] or atlantid; plural atlantes) [2] is a support sculpted in the form of a man, which may take the place of a column, a pier or a pilaster. The Roman term for such a sculptural support is telamon (plural telamones or telamons). [2]

  7. Fluting (architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluting_(architecture)

    Fluted columns are common in the tradition of classical architecture but were not invented by the ancient Greeks, but rather passed down or learned from the Mycenaeans or the Egyptians. [2] Especially in stone architecture, fluting distinguishes the column shafts and pilasters visually from plain masonry walls behind. [3]

  8. Deep foundation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_foundation

    Some of the common reasons are very large design loads, a poor soil at shallow depth, or site constraints like property lines. There are different terms used to describe different types of deep foundations including the pile (which is analogous to a pole), the pier (which is analogous to a column), drilled shafts, and caissons.

  9. Massive precut stone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massive_precut_stone

    The design employs load-bearing massive stone on the building's periphery and an interior structure of concrete columns and slabs. The massive stone offers the advantage of total, non-destructive disassembly. [33] 2021. In Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland, 68 apartments completed.