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Janeway lesions present as red, painless macules and papules on the palms and soles. [1]They are not common and are frequently indistinguishable from Osler's nodes.Rarely, they have been reported in cases of systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE), gonococcemia (disseminated gonorrhoea), haemolytic anaemia and typhoid fever.
Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema, also known as palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia or hand-foot syndrome is reddening, swelling, numbness and desquamation (skin sloughing or peeling) on palms of the hands and soles of the feet (and, occasionally, on the knees, elbows, and elsewhere) that can occur after chemotherapy in patients with cancer.
The latter, which also occur on the palms and soles, can be differentiated from Osler's nodes because they are non-tender. [2] Osler's nodes can also be seen in Systemic lupus erythematosus; Marantic endocarditis; Disseminated gonococcal infection; Distal to infected arterial catheter
Keratolytic Winter erythema (also known as Oudtshoorn disease [1] or Oudtshoorn skin [2] [3]) is a rare autosomal dominant skin disease of unknown cause which causes redness and peeling of the skin on the palms and soles. [4] Onset, increased prominence and severity usually occurs during winter. [5] [6] It is a type of genodermatosis. [7]
Keratoderma blennorrhagicum (from kerato- 'keratinized' derma- 'skin' blenno- 'mucous' and -rrhagia 'discharge'; also called keratoderma blennorrhagica) [1] are skin lesions commonly found on the palms and soles but which may spread to the scrotum, scalp and trunk. The lesions may resemble psoriasis. [2]: 195
The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [3] Within the latter type, the hairs occur in structures called pilosebaceous units, each with hair follicle, sebaceous gland, and associated arrector pili muscle. [4]
The rash often appears on the cheeks first and may later spread throughout the face, trunk, arms, and legs. [5] [6] Lesions most often appear on the thighs, buttocks, and trunk. The palms and soles are not affected, likely because the skin in these areas does not have hair follicles. [4] Individual lesions may grow and shrink over hours or days.
Some toxic materials, such as arsenic, can cause thick palms and soles. Some diseases, such as syphilis , can cause thickening of the palms and soles as well as pinpoint hyperkeratoses. There is a benign condition called keratosis palmaris et plantaris , which produces corns in the creases of the fingers and non-weight bearing spaces of the feet.