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A second common application of non-breaking spaces is in plain text file formats such as SGML, HTML, TeX and LaTeX, whose rendering engines are programmed to treat sequences of whitespace characters (space, newline, tab, form feed, etc.) as if they were a single character (but this behavior can be overridden).
This list gives those most commonly encountered with Latin script. For a far more comprehensive list of symbols and signs, see List of Unicode characters. For other languages and symbol sets (especially in mathematics and science), see below
LaTeX (/ ˈ l ɑː t ɛ k / ⓘ LAH-tek or / ˈ l eɪ t ɛ k / LAY-tek, [2] [Note 1] often stylized as L a T e X) is a software system for typesetting documents. [3] LaTeX markup describes the content and layout of the document, as opposed to the formatted text found in WYSIWYG word processors like Google Docs, LibreOffice Writer, and Microsoft Word.
Kerning contrasted with tracking (letter-spacing): with spacing the "kerning perception" is lost. While tracking adjusts the space between characters evenly, regardless of the characters, kerning adjusts the space based on character pairs. There is strong kerning between the "V" and the "A", and no kerning between the "S" and the "T".
Spacing examples. The top row is unspaced, the middle row has a thin space between the words, and the bottom has a regular space. In typography, a thin space is a space character whose width is usually 1 ⁄ 5 or 1 ⁄ 6 of an em. It is used to add a narrow space, such as between nested quotation marks or to separate glyphs that
Letter spacing, character spacing or tracking is an optically consistent typographical adjustment to the space between letters to change the visual density of a line or block of text. Letter spacing is distinct from kerning , which adjusts the spacing of particular pairs of adjacent characters such as "7."
French spacing was quite common in books before the 19th century. Later it became the norm for typewritten copy." [8] "French spacing: The additional inter-word spacing between sentences can be switched off in TeX and LaTeX with the command \frenchspacing" [9] "Additional space at the ends of sentences is called French spacing, ...
The term was later adopted as the generic name for two common sizes of spaces in typography, regardless of the form of typesetting used. An em quad (originally m quadrat) is a space that is one em wide; as wide as the height of the font. An en quad (originally n quadrat) is a space that is one en wide: half the width of an em quad.