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The Berta (Bertha) or Funj or Benishangul are an ethnic group living along the border of Sudan and Ethiopia. They speak a Nilo-Saharan language that is not related to those of their Nilo-Saharan neighbors (Gumuz, Uduk). The total population of Ethiopian-Bertas in Ethiopia is 208,759 people. Sudanese-Bertas number around 180,000.
Berti is an extinct Saharan language that was once spoken in northern Sudan, specifically in the Tagabo Hills, Darfur, and Kurdufan. Berti speakers migrated into the region alongside other Nilo-Saharan speakers, such as the Masalit and Daju , who were agriculturalists with varying levels of animal husbandry .
Photograph of a wazza. The wazza, also referred to as al-Wazza, is a type of natural horn played in Sudanese music. [1] The wazza is a long wind instrument, constructed by joining several wooden tubes to form an elaborate gourd trumpet, and while blown, it is also tapped for percussive effect.
Berta proper, a.k.a. Gebeto, is spoken by the Berta (also Bertha, Barta, Burta) in Sudan and Ethiopia.As of 2006 Berta had approximately 180,000 speakers in Sudan. [2]The three Berta languages, Gebeto, Fadashi and Undu, are often considered dialects of a single language.
Another traditional attire for men is the "Jalabiya," pronounced "galabiya" in Sudanese Arabic, a long white dress with various tribal variations and accompanying details. The Jalabiya has remained a popular fashion choice for Sudanese men across different tribes. [6] Different regions within Sudan showcase unique fashion influences.
The Funj Sultanate, also known as Funjistan, Sultanate of Sennar (after its capital Sennar) or Blue Sultanate (due to the traditional Sudanese convention of referring to black people as blue) [10] (Arabic: السلطنة الزرقاء, romanized: al-Sulṭanah al-Zarqāʼ), [11] was a monarchy in what is now Sudan, northwestern Eritrea and western Ethiopia.
The Messiria are the first northern tribes and the first Baggara tribes to suffer from the 'southern war'. The Sudanese government gave the Messiria Arab militia machine guns and ordered them to drive the Nilotic peoples from the Western Upper Nile oil region. They successfully took the Luk Nuer in Bentiu and eastern Jikany Nuer in 1984.
Sudanese nomadic conflicts are non-state conflicts between rival nomadic tribes taking place in the territory of Sudan and, since 2011, South Sudan. [1] Conflict between nomadic tribes in Sudan is common, with fights breaking out over scarce resources, including grazing land, cattle and drinking water.