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In people with smear-positive pulmonary TB (without HIV co-infection), after 5 years without treatment, 50–60% die while 20–25% achieve spontaneous resolution (cure). TB is almost always fatal in those with untreated HIV co-infection and death rates are increased even with antiretroviral treatment of HIV. [168]
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), also known as Koch's bacillus, is a species of pathogenic bacteria in the family Mycobacteriaceae and the causative agent of tuberculosis. [1] [2] First discovered in 1882 by Robert Koch, M. tuberculosis has an unusual, waxy coating on its cell surface primarily due to the presence of mycolic acid.
Around 10 percent have lost more than half of their lung function. [4] Delayed diagnosis of TB, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, and repeated TB infections are correlated with greater incidence of PTLD. [2] People who have HIV are less likely to have PTLD, possibly because of their impaired immune response.
Miliary tuberculosis is a form of tuberculosis that is characterized by a wide dissemination into the human body and by the tiny size of the lesions (1–5 mm). Its name comes from a distinctive pattern seen on a chest radiograph of many tiny spots distributed throughout the lung fields with the appearance similar to millet seeds—thus the term "miliary" tuberculosis.
Dick Martin (1922–2008), comedian; lost a lung due to tuberculosis as a teenager; Tim Moore (1887–1958), American actor of stage, screen and television; Barry Morse (1918–2008), British-Canadian actor of stage, screen, and radio; Mabel Normand (1893–1930), American silent film actress, screenwriter, director, producer, and comedian
Prospects for tuberculosis control and elimination in a hypothetical high-burden country, starting in 2015. Tuberculosis has been a curable illness since the 1940s when the first drugs became available, although multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant TB present an increasing challenge. [5]
Fischer, a 31-year-old construction worker, has to get from his home on the outskirts of Rapid City, South Dakota, to Fort Collins, Colorado — some 350 miles away — and he has to get there by noon. He’s wearing a Kangol hat, jeans, a T-shirt and, for warmth, a hoodie and a jacket. Outside, it’s in the teens and only going to get colder.
"When Hell freezes over" [2] and "on a cold day in Hell" [3] are based on the understanding that Hell is eternally an extremely hot place. The "Twelfth of Never" will never come to pass. [4] A song of the same name was written by Johnny Mathis. "On Tibb's Eve" refers to the saint's day of a saint who never existed. [5] "When two Sundays come ...