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  2. Total mixed ration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_Mixed_Ration

    Total mixed ration (TMR) is a method of feeding beef and dairy cattle. A TMR diet achieves a wide distribution of nutrients in uniform feed rather than switching between several types. A cow's ration should include good quality forages, a balance of grains and proteins, vitamins and minerals. [1]

  3. Feed manufacturing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feed_Manufacturing

    The formulation procedure has both fixed and variable portions. Swine rations are generally based on a ground cereal grain as a carbohydrate source, soybean meal as a protein source, minerals like calcium and phosphorus are added, and vitamins. The feed can be fortified with byproducts of milk, meat by-products, cereal grains; and "specialty ...

  4. Residual feed intake - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residual_feed_intake

    This approach is based on regression models developed for determining efficiency of feed use for weight gain during a standardized growth trial in growing beef cattle. [ 3 ] It was inspired by Koch's observations of the differences in how a maintained body weight and an increasing body weight affect the feeding of cattle.

  5. Feed conversion ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feed_conversion_ratio

    For dairy cows, for example, the output is milk, whereas in animals raised for meat (such as beef cows, [1] pigs, chickens, and fish) the output is the flesh, that is, the body mass gained by the animal, represented either in the final mass of the animal or the mass of the dressed output. FCR is the mass of the input divided by the output (thus ...

  6. Animal feed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_feed

    A feedlot in Texas, USA, where cattle are "finished" (fattened on grains) prior to slaughter. Animal feed is food given to domestic animals, especially livestock, in the course of animal husbandry. There are two basic types: fodder and forage. Used alone, the word feed more often refers to fodder.

  7. Cattle feeding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattle_feeding

    The cattle industry takes the position that the use of growth hormones allows plentiful meats to be sold for affordable prices. [24] Using hormones in beef cattle costs $1.50 and adds between 40 and 50 lb (18 and 23 kg) to the weight of a steer at slaughter, for a return of at least $25. [25]

  8. Precision livestock farming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precision_livestock_farming

    An automatic feeder is a tool used to provide feed to cattle. It is composed of a robot (either on a rail system or self-propelled) that will feed the cattle at designated times. The robot mixes the feed ration and will deliver a programmed amount.

  9. Mixer-wagon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixer-wagon

    A mixer-wagon, or diet feeder, is a specialist agricultural machine used for accurately weighing, mixing and distributing total mixed ration (TMR) for ruminant farm animals, in particular cattle and most commonly, dairy cattle. Trailed mixer-wagons vary in size from 5 m 3 to more than 45 m 3. Some self-propelled mixer-wagons may be bigger than ...

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