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Flight planning is the process of producing a flight plan to describe a proposed aircraft flight. It involves two safety-critical aspects: fuel calculation, to ensure that the aircraft can safely reach the destination, and compliance with air traffic control requirements, to minimise the risk of midair collision.
If the flight plan calls for hold planning, the additional fuel and hold time should appear on the flight plan. Organized Tracks are a series of paths similar to airways which cross ocean areas. Some organized track systems are fixed and appear on navigational charts (e.g., the NOPAC tracks over the Northern Pacific Ocean).
The basic principles of air navigation are identical to general navigation, which includes the process of planning, recording, and controlling the movement of a craft from one place to another. [ 1 ] Successful air navigation involves piloting an aircraft from place to place without getting lost, not breaking the laws applying to aircraft, or ...
In United States and Canadian aviation, the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) [1] (formerly the Airman's Information Manual) is the respective nation's official guide to basic flight information and air traffic control procedures. These manuals contains the fundamentals required in order to fly legally in the country of origin.
Advanced Supersonic Transport (AST) model in wind tunnel. The aircraft design process is a loosely defined method used to balance many competing and demanding requirements to produce an aircraft that is strong, lightweight, economical and can carry an adequate payload while being sufficiently reliable to safely fly for the design life of the aircraft.
Airmanship is defined by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) as a "broad term that includes a sound knowledge of and experience with the principles of flight; the knowledge, experience, and ability to operate an aircraft with competence and precision both on the ground and in the air; and the application of sound judgment that results in ...
The flight plan is generally determined on the ground, before departure either by the pilot for smaller aircraft or a professional dispatcher for airliners. It is entered into the FMS either by typing it in, selecting it from a saved library of common routes (Company Routes) or via an ACARS datalink with the airline dispatch center.
The "targets" for guidance systems are one or more state vectors (position and velocity) and can be inertial or relative. During powered flight, guidance is continually calculating steering directions for flight control. For example, the Space Shuttle targets an altitude, velocity vector, and gamma to drive main engine cut off.