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Location of New Caledonia in its region. The biodiversity of New Caledonia is of exceptional biological and paleoecological interest. It is frequently referred to as a biodiversity hotspot. [1] The country is a large South Pacific archipelago with a total land area of more than 18,000 square kilometres (6,900 sq mi).
This is a list of the wild mammal species recorded in New Caledonia. There are sixteen mammal species in New Caledonia, of which two are endangered, four are vulnerable, and one is considered to be extinct. [1] The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of ...
This is a list of the bird species recorded in New Caledonia. The avifauna of New Caledonia include a total of 226 species, of which 28 are endemic , and 13 have been introduced by humans. This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the ...
The following is a list of species endemic to New Caledonia. Except where indicated, the species is only found on Grande Terre. White-bellied goshawk † Powerful goshawk †Gracile goshawk; New Caledonian rail †New Caledonian gallinule; Kagu †Lowland kagu; Cloven-feathered dove; New Caledonian imperial pigeon †New Caledonian ground dove
The New Caledonia rain forests are a terrestrial ecoregion, located in New Caledonia in the South Pacific. It is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion, part of the Australasian realm . [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
The kagu or cagou (Rhynochetos jubatus) is a crested, long-legged, and bluish-grey bird endemic to the dense mountain forests of New Caledonia.It is the only surviving member of the genus Rhynochetos and the family Rhynochetidae, [3] although a second species has been described from the fossil record.
The New Caledonia dry forests cover an area of 4,129 km². Grand Terre extends northwest-southeast, and a long spine of mountains extend the length of the island. The dry forests lie in the drier rain shadow of mountains. The New Caledonia rain forests ecoregion covers the rest of the island, including the eastern slope and high mountains. [1]
New Caledonia was part of the supercontinent Gondwana, and separated from Australia 80 Ma. [6] However, geological evidence suggests that New Caledonia was submerged during Paleocene (ca. 65 Ma) and Eocene (until ca. 37 Ma). [7] The actual New Caledonian biota may then result from a total recolonization since the Oligocene. [8]