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With the expansion of the World Wide Web and the Internet, computer networks have become very large and complex, making them impossible to manage manually.In response, a suite of network management software was developed to help reduce the burden of managing the growing complexity of computer networks.
Software-defined networking (SDN) is an approach to network management that uses abstraction to enable dynamic and programmatically efficient network configuration to create grouping and segmentation while improving network performance and monitoring in a manner more akin to cloud computing than to traditional network management. [1]
Networking devices includes a broad range of equipment which can be classified as core network components which interconnect other network components, hybrid components which can be found in the core or border of a network and hardware or software components which typically sit on the connection point of different networks.
The integrated circuit is an essential invention to produce modern software systems. [2]The first use of the word software is credited to mathematician John Wilder Tukey in 1958. [3]
The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a reference model from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that "provides a common basis for the coordination of standards development for the purpose of systems interconnection."
Software as a service (SaaS / s æ s / [1]) is a cloud computing service model where the provider offers use of application software to a client and manages all needed physical and software resources. [2]
Software architecture is the set of structures needed to reason about a software system and the discipline of creating such structures and systems. Each structure comprises software elements, relations among them, and properties of both elements and relations.
Software engineering is a field within computer science focused on designing, developing, testing, and maintaining of software applications.It involves applying engineering principles and computer programming expertise to develop software systems that meet user needs.